Atheism and Agnosticism Mindmap
- Created by: TheAwesomeOne
- Created on: 06-04-15 20:44
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- Atheism & Agnosticism
- Sociological Critiques
- Marx
- humanist - his theory is concerned with the quest for true meaning of human nature
- God was an invention of the human mind to satisfy emotional needs
- 'opiate of the people' = religion offered a release from distress
- Ruling class used religion to oppress their subjects (working class)
- Religion became the "illusion of escape" (gave them false hope)
- 'opiate of the people' = religion offered a release from distress
- Religion allowed the ruling class to dominate and repress the lower classes from recognising their real situation and rising above it
- Religion became the "illusion of escape" (gave them false hope)
- wanted to have a communist society
- means that religion would no longer be needing to fulfil the function that a capitalist society forced upon it
- Durkheim
- Religion's function is to unite and preserve the community
- Durkheim was keen to unite people in a civil morality based n the recognition that we are what we are because of society
- Durkheim was looking for a functional equivalent for religion in a fundamental non-religious (a-religious) age
- trying to find alternative functions of religion which would be applicable in the21st century
- An object becomes "profane" or "sacred" depending on how humans choose to use it
- "profane" = ordinary
- "sacred" = special
- examples: holy water, bread and wine.
- They are ordinary things but we give them special significance.
- Give it intrinsic value
- examples: holy water, bread and wine.
- God and the clan being one and the same
- a primitive can worshipping 'totem' (a symbol of worship) - no separate 'God' as the totem
- Marx
- Psychological Critiques
- Freud
- We need a father figure but we mistakenly turned t the idea of a perfect being (God)
- we need an external force as well as an internal fore (conscience)
- religion stemmed from primitive tribes
- tensions rose between dominant male (father) and subordinates (sons) - resulted in the father being overthrown
- The guilt from doing this manifested and leads the sons to worship him - superego (conscience)takes place of the father
- represses antisocial behaviours and induces fear and guilt
- God become the substitute father to help humanity deal with their actions
- represses antisocial behaviours and induces fear and guilt
- The guilt from doing this manifested and leads the sons to worship him - superego (conscience)takes place of the father
- tensions rose between dominant male (father) and subordinates (sons) - resulted in the father being overthrown
- Jung worked alongside Freud but then left to pursue his own ideas
- Jung
- religion is a natural process that stems from the archetypes within the unconscious mind
- Archetypes = 'conceptual matrixes or patterns behind all our religious and mythological concepts, and indeed, our thinking types general'
- religious experiences force themselves upon the consciousness of the individual, and the source of God is the human unconscious psyche
- Spirituality is more important that sexuality
- religion is a natural process that stems from the archetypes within the unconscious mind
- Jung
- sexuality is a key driving force in our psychology
- We need a father figure but we mistakenly turned t the idea of a perfect being (God)
- Jung
- religion is a natural process that stems from the archetypes within the unconscious mind
- Archetypes = 'conceptual matrixes or patterns behind all our religious and mythological concepts, and indeed, our thinking types general'
- religious experiences force themselves upon the consciousness of the individual, and the source of God is the human unconscious psyche
- Spirituality is more important that sexuality
- religion is a natural process that stems from the archetypes within the unconscious mind
- Freud
- Philosophical Framework
- based on experience
- Posteriori, synthetic & inductive
- Based on probability
- Does religion exist because God does or because religion serves important functions?
- Functions of religion includes moral support, security, community, reward & punishment, purpose in life, motivation
- Difference between atheism and agnosticism
- Atheism
- the belief that there is no God
- Agnosticism
- Weak atheism = weak agnosticism
- Atheism
- the belief that there is no God
- Atheism
- the belief of uncertainty abut God's existence
- Weak atheism = weak agnosticism
- Atheism
- Sociological Critiques
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