Utilitarianism mindmap
- Created by: gemshort
- Created on: 05-01-18 09:54
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- Utilitarianism
- Bentham's theory of utility
- 'The greatest happiness for the greatest number' (greatest happiness principle)
- Pursue pleasure and avoid pain
- A person should do the thing that produces the most useful end
- Actions that produce the most happiness are good/right actions
- Happiness is the supreme ethical value, or 'sovereign good'
- The Hedonic Calculus - seven elements should be taken into account when calculating happiness
- Intensity (the stronger, the better)
- Duration (the longer, the better)
- Certainty (the more certain, the better)
- Extent (the more people who experience it, the better)
- Propinquity (the nearer, the better)
- Richness or fecundity (the more chance the pleasure will be repeated or result in other pleasures, the better
- Purity (the less pain involved, the better)
- Act Utilitariansim
- Treats each moral situation as unique and applies the hedonic calculus to each act to see if it fulfills the principle of utility
- John Stuart Mill
- Rule Utilitarianism
- Strong RU: an action ia only right if it follows the rules
- Weak RU: in extreme cases the rule created using the principle of utility needs to be broken in order to achieve the greatest happiness
- Not all pleasure is the same - there are higher and lower pleasures
- Higher pleasures stimulate the mind
- Pleasure that is merely physical is a lower pleasure
- Rule Utilitarianism
- Bentham's theory of utility
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