Conformity: types and explanations
- Created by: Faithp
- Created on: 18-06-17 19:50
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- Conformity: types and explanations
- Types (Kelman 1958)
- Internalisation
- When a person genuinely accepts the groups norms.
- Both publicly and privately change their opinions / behaviour.
- The change is permanent as attitudes have been internalised i.e. a part of the way the person thinks.
- The change persists even in the absence of other group members.
- Identification
- Valuing the majority's opinions / behaviour.
- Identifying with the majority so they can be a part of it.
- Publicly change their opinions / behaviour but privately don't agree with what the group stand for.
- Compliance
- Results in only superficial change.
- The opinion / behaviour stops when the group pressure stops.
- Involves going along with others so publicly changing opinions / behaviour but not privately changing them.
- Suggested that there are three ways in which people conform to the opinions of a majority.
- Internalisation
- Explanations (Deutsch and Gerard 1955)
- Normative social influence (NSI)
- Its about norms i.e. what is normal or typical behaviour for a social group.
- People prefer to gain social approval than be rejected.
- It is an emotional process.
- Can occur in situations with strangers where you may be worried about rejection.
- Can occur with people you know as that's when you are the most concerned about social approval.
- Can occur in stressful situations where there is greater need for social support.
- Informative social influence (ISI)
- Can occur when one person or the group are seen as being more of an expert.
- Also occurs in crisis situations where decisions have to be made quickly.
- Follow the behaviours of the group because they want to be right.
- It's a cognitive process as is to do with the way an individual thinks.
- Likely to happen in situations that are new to a person or ambiguous situations where it is not clear what to do.
- A two-process theory suggesting there's two main reasons why people conform: the need to be right (ISI) and the need to be liked (NSI)
- Normative social influence (NSI)
- Types (Kelman 1958)
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