C3 - OCR 21st Century
C3 Mind Map for OCR 21st Century
- Created by: evaressel
- Created on: 03-11-14 11:34
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- C3 - Chemistry
- Moving Continents
- Rocks' magnetic alignment changes over time
- This allows scientists to date rock using striations of magnetism in the sediment
- When Britain was swampy, coal was formed due to the high plant coverage
- Coal
- When Britain was underwater, chalk was formed due to the calcium carbonate's reaction to dead shellfish
- Three main products of the UK:
- Salt
- Limestone
- Coal
- Limestone
- Salt
- Three main products of the UK:
- Rocks' magnetic alignment changes over time
- Salt
- NaCl - Sodium Chloride
- Uses:
- Grit
- Salt gives the water a lower freezing point by making the water impure.
- Flavouring
- Preserve
- Grit
- Extraction:
- Seawater (evaporation)
- Underground (mining)
- Solution mining involves pumping water down into rock salt, thereby dissolving it and pumping the brine back up.
- Salt extraction can cause ground sinks, affect water supply and contaminate soil
- Foods
- Risk: The chance of a hazard affecting people negatively
- Hazard: A threat to people's welfare
- Alkalis
- Over pH 7
- Used in cleaning products
- Sources:
- Potash
- Ammonia
- Manufactured
- Can neutralise acids
- 1700s industrial revolution shortage
- Bases
- A substance that will neutralize an acid
- Making Alkalis
- Alkalis
- Over pH 7
- Used in cleaning products
- Sources:
- Potash
- Ammonia
- Manufactured
- Can neutralise acids
- 1700s industrial revolution shortage
- Bases
- A substance that will neutralize an acid
- Hydrochloric Acid + Manganese Dioxide --> Chlorine + Manganese Chloride + Water
- Alkalis
- Electrolysis
- Brine is water with salt dissolved within it.
- The process by which ionic substances are decomposed into simpler substances when an electric current is passed through them.
- Separated into sodium hydroxide, hydrogen and chlorine.
- Sodium hydroxide used for soaps and cleaners, paper making and extracting aluminium.
- Hydrogen is used for fuel and margarine
- Chlorine is an antibacterial and is used in bleach
- Industrial Chemicals
- PVC - polyvinyl chloride
- PVC plasticizers can bio accumulate in top predators
- Unplasticized PVC is rigid, strong and waterproof
- Plasticized PVC is flexible and insulative
- PVC is not a hydrocarbon
- To analyse the impact of the product, one most consider the manufacture, the use and the disposal
- Moving Continents
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