Unit 2; Core Studies; Baron-Cohen et al
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- Created on: 23-11-16 15:49
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- Baron-Cohen et al
- Background: autism affects social interaction/ communication/ imagination
- Strange Stories task was previous method to assess autism
- Aim: create test for theory of mind in adults; would autistic aduts have less ToM?; would females do better?
- IV: condition of participant DV: score on task
- Sample
- 76;16 w autism 50 'normal' 10 w Tourette's
- sampled by magazine ads, clinical referrals, opportunity in Cambridge
- included tourette's as similar disorder to Autism
- Procedure
- each condition was tested on the Eye's Task & the Strange Stories task
- Autism group tested on gender recognition & that of basic emotion
- to check they didn't have an other disorder
- Eye's Task: 25 black & white photos of eyes shown for 3 seconds
- person had to identify emotion between 2 given opposites
- Strange Stories: told 2 (/12) stories & asked why character said something not literally true e.g. sarcasm
- Results
- Mean scores; Autism: 16.3 'Normal': 20.3 Tourette:20.4 out of 25
- 'Normal' men vs women; Men:18.8 Women: 21.8
- no problems in the recognition tasks
- Conclusions
- Autism impairs theory of mind
- Women have better ToM than men
- Ethics: broke deception, protection form harm (may have got angry if didn't know answer)
- Ethnocentrism: autism doesn't change per culture but has varying priorities
- Muslim women wear Niqab so could be better at Eye's Task
- Reliability & Validity
- IR: high inter-rater as 4 people decided on pics & words
- ER: 'normal' gave reliable effect, sample of A & T was too small
- IV: forced between 2 words, compared with old task
- EV: similar to real life but diiferences
- Links to Debates: nature vs nurture
- can't help genetic disorders, born with them
- Summary
- Relates to individual differences area as studied differences in theory of mind
- Relates to understanding disorders as those with autism have poor ToM
- Background: autism affects social interaction/ communication/ imagination
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