3. Achievement motivation
- Created by: Amy Parkinson
- Created on: 17-04-15 14:01
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- Achievement motivation
- Achievement motivation links personality with a degree of competitiveness
- Trait: MURRAY
- It is natural for one individual to strive to surpass another
- Social learning: BANDURA
- A competitive drive is a product of learning
- InteractionsistATKINSON & McCLELLAND
- Achievement motivation is a personality trait which is triggered by environmental factors
- The situation comprises the probability of success and the incentive value of success
- There are 2 personality traits that determine achievement motivation
- High need to achieve (high Nach). Also associated with low need to avoid failure (low Naf)
- The desire to succeed far outweighs the fear of failure (high achievement motivation)
- Low need to achieve (low Nach). Also associated with high Naf
- The fear of failure far outweighs the desire for success (low achievement motivation)
- High need to achieve (high Nach). Also associated with low need to avoid failure (low Naf)
- High Nach personality characteristics
- High Nach
- Low Naf
- Approach behaviour is adopted
- Challenge is accepted
- Risks are undertaken
- Persist when task is difficult
- Success tends to be attributed to internal factors
- Failure tends to be attributed to external factors
- Failure is seen as a route to success
- Aspire to mastery orientation
- Low Nach personality characteristics
- Low Nach
- High Naf
- Avoidance behaviour is adopted
- Challenge is rejected
- Risks are not taken
- Gives up when task is difficult
- Success tends to be attributed to external factors
- Failure tends to be attributed to internal factors
- Failure is seen as the route to further failure
- Adopt learned helplessness
- This theory is best at predicting behavioural responses in situations where there is a 50/50 chance of success
- Here, performers with a high Nach are likely to display approach behaviour and mastery orientation characteristics
- However, perforemers will low Nach are likely to display avoidance behaviour and experience learned helplessness
- EVAL
- Success can be interpreted in many ways
- Some performers regard success as victory over others. These are said to have ego goal orientation
- These people believ that comparison against others are the criteria for success, Ego goal orientation is also a 'product goal'
- Some regard success as personal improvement in a given task and are said to have task orientation
- These people value internal goals and believe that comparison with self are the criteria for success. Task orientation can be achieved through 'performance or 'process' goals
- Sport-specific achievement motivation (competitiveness)
- The motivation to achieve in sport
- GILL & DEETER
- Athletes are more competitive than non-athletes
- Athletes favoured performance goals (ask orientation)
- Non-athletes preferred product goals (ego orientation)
- Used their own test called the Sport Orientation Questionnaire (SOQ)
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