A01: Cultural Bias
- Created by: theninjaemu
- Created on: 28-03-18 11:53
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- A01: Cultural Bias
- Universality
- Findings from studies only apply to the particular groups of people who were studied
- If the norm is judged from one culture, cultural differences in behaviour may be seen as abnormal
- E.g. Asch's conformity study gave different conformity levels when replicated outside the US
- Ethnocentrism
- Definition
- The belief in the superiority of your own cultural group
- In research, this may be communicated through a view that nay behviour that doesn't fit with the (usually Western) norm is abnormal
- The Strange Situation
- Ainsworth identified the key defining variable of attachment type as the child's experience of anxiety during separation
- She suggested secure attachment was when the infant showed moderate distress at separation
- This led to mis-understanding of other child rearing practices around the world
- German mothers were seen as cold and rejecting, rather than encouraging independence in their children
- Japanese mothers may have been seen as over-involved with their children, rather than just showing a very close bond between the mother and infant
- Definition
- Etic and emic approaches
- 'Facts' discovered in research may only make sense in the particular culture they were discovered
- Recognising this is one way of avoiding cultural bias
- Etic approach
- Looks at behaviour outside a given group
- Assumes these behaviours are universal
- Emic approach
- Looks at behaviours within a given group
- Identifies behaviours as specific to that culture
- Universality
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