1.3 Cold War intensifies

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  • 1.3 Cold War Intensifies
    • Arms Race, 1950-58
      • American Atomic Bomb in 9145
      • Soviet Atomic Bomb in 1949
      • American Hydrogen Bomb in 1952
      • Soviet Hydrogen Bomb in 1953
      • American "Inter-continental Ballistic Missile" in 1957
      • Soviet ICBM in 1957 few months after
      • Weapons developed from 1950's were too powerful
        • Deterrent from war
    • New leaders
      • Eisenhower elected in 1952
        • Strongly anti-communist
        • Wanted to stop Communist expansion
        • Open to talks to improve relations
      • Nikita Khrushchev in 1956
        • Criticised Stalin's policies
        • Peaceful co-existence with West
      • Summit meeting in Geneva July 1955 showed better relations
    • The Hungarian Uprising, 1956
      • Causes
        • Lack of political freedom
        • Fuel and food shortages
        • Russia exploited Hungary
      • In October, there are riots in Budapest (capital) and police clashed with protestors
        • Soviet troops restored order
        • Nagy replaced Rakosi
          • Rakosi introduced reforms
            • Hungary Government w/ non-communist parties
            • Free elections
            • Immediate release of political prisoners
            • Persuaded Khrushchev to remove Soviet troops
              • Khrushchev agreed reluctantly
      • 1 November - Nagy announced Hungary is leaving Warsaw Pact
        • Khrushchev refused
          • Other satellite states would leave as well
            • Threatening aim to surround USSR w/ Communist governments
          • Soviet Invasion of Hungary
            • 1000 tanks rolled into Budapest
              • Nagy supporters fought
            • Begged West for support
              • No support
            • New Communist government w/ Janos Kadar
      • Consequences
        • Khrushchev had stronger position in Warsaw Pact
        • Khrushchev more confident in dealing w/ US
        • Reflected Badly on the West
          • did not back up words with military support
        • Differing views on Uprising soured relations

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