This is a constituency system where voters vote for a single candidate by marking his/her name with an 'X' on aballot paper. Each constituency returns a single candidate called the winner-takes-all-effect.The winning candidate does not need all vote
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FPTP-Advantages
A candidate wins the plurality of votes, this means that candidates from unpopular extreme parties such as BNP/EDL do not win any seats andany representation. It gives rise to a single-party majority where coalitions are the exception an not the rule
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FPTP-disadvantages
Disproportionality-elections are concerned with individual members and not repesentation of political parties. systematic bias-winner takes all. two-party system. single-party government. Landslide effect.
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Additional Member system (AMS)
Mixed system made up of constituency and party list elements. 56% of seats filled by FPTP the rest is filled by closed party list system.
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AMS-Advantages
The mixed character of AMS balances need for constituency representation and th need for electoral fairness. Possibility of single-party government. Allows people to vote for different parties in the constituency and list elections.
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AMS-Disadvantages
The system is confusing as it has two different classes of representation. Constituency representation is not as effective as FPTP because of the large constituencies and as MP have no constituency duties.
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Single Transferable vote (STV)
Thereare multi-member constituencies where parties can put up as many candidates as there are seats. Electors vote preferntially for candidates by ranking them 1,2,3. A quota calculates votes.
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STV-Advantages
High proportional outcomes.compeition between members of the same party means that candidates are judged on individual records an personal strength. As there are several members constituents can choose who they take their grievances to.
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STV-Disadvantages
Degree of proportionality depends on party system. Strong and stable single-party governments are unlikely. Multi-memer constituencies can cause divisions between members of the same party.
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Regional Party list
Number of multi-member constituencies, parties compile a list of candidates placed in descending order of preference. People vote for a party and not candidates.
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Party list-Advantages
Considered to be a 'pure' form of proportional representation-fair to all parties.Promotes unity as people identiy with a region and not a constituency. The system is fairer to women and ethnic minorities.
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Party list-Disadvantages
Existance of many small parties can lead to a weak, unstable government.The link between representatives and constituencies are weakened. Parties are more powerful as they decide where candidates feature on the list.
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Supplementary vote(SV)/Alternative vote (AV)
Single member constituencies where people vote preferentially using Av and then additional using SV. Winning candidat must gain 50+% of votes.If tis is not acheived the bottom canidate is dropped and votes are redistributed.
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SV/AV-Advantages
It ensures that fewer votes are wasted as in FPTP. As a winning candidate has to gain 50% of votes it means that a broader range of views influence the outcome of an election. Parties are more likely to be drawn from a centre ground.
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SV/AV-Disadvantages
Outcome of an election can support smaller extremist parties. Winning candidate may not have won throug first-preference support but through the redistribution of vots, making them the least unpopular from the unpopular candidates.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
A candidate wins the plurality of votes, this means that candidates from unpopular extreme parties such as BNP/EDL do not win any seats andany representation. It gives rise to a single-party majority where coalitions are the exception an not the rule
Back
FPTP-Advantages
Card 3
Front
Disproportionality-elections are concerned with individual members and not repesentation of political parties. systematic bias-winner takes all. two-party system. single-party government. Landslide effect.
Back
Card 4
Front
Mixed system made up of constituency and party list elements. 56% of seats filled by FPTP the rest is filled by closed party list system.
Back
Card 5
Front
The mixed character of AMS balances need for constituency representation and th need for electoral fairness. Possibility of single-party government. Allows people to vote for different parties in the constituency and list elections.
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