higher: pleasure of the mind. lower:pleasure of the body
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what are Bentham's key beliefs?
principle of utility, hedonic calculus, balance between happiness and sadness should affect decisions, pleasure for the greatest number
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what are Mill's key beliefs?
developed utility, higher and lower pleasures, quality of pleasure
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what are Singer's key beliefs?
preference utilitarianism
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what is preference utilitarianism?
Moral theory according to which the good consists in the satisfaction of people's preferences, and the rightness of an action depends directly or indirectly on its being productive of such satisfaction.
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what is rule utilitarianism?
focuses on establishing the common good, greatest good for the greatest number of people
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what is act utilitarianism?
taking each individual action that any person faces and making a judgement about the balance of good or evil done in a situation. the decision is made by the person presented with the situation
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