Urban Issues & Challenges Key Words 0.0 / 5 ? GeographyUrban environmentsUrban Issues & ChallengesGCSEAll boards Created by: olivia.eastmanCreated on: 21-01-17 10:12 Urban Issues & Challenges Key Word Definitions 1 of 25 Brownfield site Building on sites which already have old factories/industrial buildings on. 2 of 25 Dereliction An area which once was used for human activity but has now fallen into a state of disrepair and is no longer used. 3 of 25 Economic opportunities A chance to improve financial conditions. 4 of 25 Formal economy A worker has a formal contract, fixed duration of work time etc. 5 of 25 Greenfield site Undeveloped land in a city or rural area either used for agriculture, landscape design, or left to evolve naturally. 6 of 25 Inequalities Differences in size, degree, circumstances etc; lack of equality. 7 of 25 Informal economy The part of an economy that is neither taxed, nor monitored by any form of government. 8 of 25 Integrated transport systems Whatever types of transport are involved, they all operate on 'seamless' entity - for the benefit of the fare paying customer. 9 of 25 Low income country (LIC) Defined in 1985 as countries with a per capita incomes below $400. 10 of 25 High income country (HIC) Defined in 1985 as countries with a per capita income about US$12,415. 11 of 25 Mega-cities A city with a population of 10 million people or more. 12 of 25 Migration Movement of people to a new area or country in order to find work or better living conditions. 13 of 25 Natural increase When the birth rate is higher than the death rate. 14 of 25 Newly emerging economies (NEEs) Newly industrialised countries as of 2013. 15 of 25 Pollution The presence in or introducing into the environment of a substance which has harmful or poisonous effects. 16 of 25 Rural urban fringe The landscape interface between town and country. 17 of 25 Sanitation Conditions relating to public health, especially the provision of clean drinking water and adequate sewage disposal. 18 of 25 Social deprivation The reduction or prevention of culturally normal interaction between an individual and the rest of society. 19 of 25 Social opportunities People have different opportunities based on their social networks. 20 of 25 Squatter settlement A building where the people have no legal rights to the land they are built upon. The people are living there illegally. 21 of 25 Traffic congestion A condition on transport networks that occurs as use increases, slower speeds, longer trip times etc. 22 of 25 Urban greening Creation and maintenance of green spaces. 23 of 25 Urbanisation The process by which an increasing percentage of a countries population comes to live in towns and cities. 24 of 25 Regeneration When an area in a state dereliction is revitalised and reused for a new economic/social activity. 25 of 25
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