Transfer of Data in ICT systems Topic 4

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  • Created by: TTang23
  • Created on: 25-05-17 14:36
Topic 4
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What are the components of an ICT Network (1)
1.Communication Devices-Needed for the conversion of a stand-alone computer to a netwroked computer e.g. NIC, Hub, Router, Siwtch
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2. Networking software
Enables the computer to communicate with each other effectively e.g. UNIX, Linux, Novell software
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3. Data Transfer Media- The material through which data is snet through
Twiusted shielded wires, Twisted unshielded wires, Fibre Optic, Wireless
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4. Standards & Procedures
Standarads which are set up to enable efficient communciation between devices
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Network Interface Card (NIC)
required by all computer in the network. The NIC card is required for purpose of communicating with other computers.
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Examples of Communication Devices (1)
1. Hub- Cheap out of all devices, Most basic, NOT SECURE OR INTELLIGENT, DATA ON NETWORK IS SHARED WITH ALL COMPUTERS.
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2. Switch
2. Switch- Filter packets and forwards them appropriately, Packet inspection -checks data, ensures the network is efficeint, COMPUTERS HAVE TO BE CONNECTEDD BY WIRES, COMPUTERS REDUCED TO ONE SINGLE LOCATION
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3. Router
3. Router- Most intellignet, Works like a switch, Functions like a FIREWALL
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Examples of data transfer Media: (1)
1. Twisted Unshielded Pair- Easier installations wires are thin, Interference are cancelled out, ONLY SUITABLE FOR SMALL HOME NETWORKS
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2. Twisted shielded Pair
2. Interfence cancelledd out, Data signals protected from external corruption, Greater transmission rates, ONLY SUITABLE FOR SMALL OFFICES/ HOME NETWORKS
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3. Fibre Optic Cables
Faster Data Transfer Speeds, Smaller in size, Lack of electrical interference, MORE EXPENSIVE THAN METAL CABLING.
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4. Wireless
Enables LANS to be set up without cables, less restrictions in location, Wi-fi can be found globally, HIGHER POWER CONSUMPTION, LIMITED RANGE, SECURITY PROBLEMS, INTERFERNCE-OVERLAPPED SIGNALS
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Ring
Connected together in a form of a ring
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What are the advantages of a ring?
No server, easy to add extra devices , computers are of equal status, cheap
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Disadvanatges of ring?
If 1 connection fails the whole netwrok breaks, difficult to find the fault, whole network needs to be turned off for repairs or add devices,
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Bus
Devices connected to a common wire that's shared , known as backbone
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Advanatges of Bus
Reduced cabling, adding devices made simple, data sent in both directions.
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Disadvantges of Bus
Adding more than 12 devices can reduce the network perfomance, Broken Backbone causes network failures
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Star
Devices are connected to other devices via a centralised connectection point such as a hub
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Advantages of star
If one wire breaks the whole network is not affected, the number of devices connected will not affect the network perfomance, easy to add devices
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Disadvantages
Higher costs, if the centralised hosts breks then the whole netwrok goes down.
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LAN
Local Access Network- Confined to 1 gegrphical location
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WAN
Wide Area Network- No restrcition of georgraphical area, normally connected by satellites
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Peer-to-peer-network (P2P)
Used mainly for home networks/ small networks
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Advanatges of P2P
Cost saving- no server is needed, easy installation and mainatenance, no reliance upon server, peer responsibility- users can decide themesleves what is acessible to other users
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Disadvantrages of P2P
Back ups are reliant on the individuals, ICT knowledge is required-users are responsible for their computers, poorer security, reduced performance-some computers maybe slower than others
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Client Server Network
Mainly used for large companies
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Advantages of Client Server Network
Security is improved-Centralised repsonsibility, data centralised, frequent centralised back ups, faster access-better performance of whole network, centralised administration
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Disadvanatges of Client Server Network
More expenisve-Labour and Hardware, Requires specialist knowledge, software is both expensive and sophisicated
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What is an intranet
A private network used by an organisation.
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Extanets
An external netwrok acessible by customers, supliers, partners, and the organisation itself.
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Internet
A huge group of netwroks joined together. consists of smaller networks, involves use of hardware
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WWW
Means of aceessing info. contained on internet
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Reasons for setting standards
Standarads needed to enable communciation between devices, for this to happen necessary for devices to have common features
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the components of an ICT Network (1)

Back

1.Communication Devices-Needed for the conversion of a stand-alone computer to a netwroked computer e.g. NIC, Hub, Router, Siwtch

Card 3

Front

2. Networking software

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

3. Data Transfer Media- The material through which data is snet through

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

4. Standards & Procedures

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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