The role of genes and hormones on gender development

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At conception which chromosomes does a male have?
x and y
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What happens to males 6 weeks after conception?
their y chromosome releases a protein which means testes form and male androgens such as testosterone and anhydrotestosterone are released
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What happens to females 6 weeks after conception?
no protein is released, instead the wolfian system shrivels and the mullerian system develops
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What two chromosomes do females have?
x and x
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How does the development of the male brain differ from the female brain?
they experience increased development of the right hemisphere
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What are typical masculine behaviours?
systemising, attention to detail and autistic traits
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What are typical feminine behaviours?
empathy, social development and language development
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What is a suitable IDA point for this theory?
Nature/Nurture - suggests that gender is mainly influence by nature when male hormones alter the brain
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Why is it difficult to test this theory?
Highly unethical, would involve manipulating the environment of a vulnerable foetus
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How is the case of David Reimer relevant to the theory?
David Reimer was born a boy but raised as a girl after surgery, he never identified as female even after being nurtured as one. this supports the theory that pre-natal hormones are the main cause of gender identity.
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How is research by Baron Cohen relevant to the theory?
he studies the effects of pre-natal testosterone on post natal psychological and neural development. he found it inversely associated with empathy and positively associated with systemising.
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What is an AO3 point for this theory?
David Reimer - cannot ignore the 8 months of nurture as a male and it is a case study. Baron Cohen - correlational study so cant establish cause and effect.
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Why is this theory Reductionist?
gender is a complex phenomenon, it would be over simplistic to say it depends entirely on biological factors such as genes or hormones. from birth children experience gender socialisation so it would be blinkered to say nurture is irrelevant.
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What is an additional piece of research supporting the theory?
Diamond - study on pregnant rats which were injected with testosterone. female offspring displayed male traits and even tried to mate with other females.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What happens to males 6 weeks after conception?

Back

their y chromosome releases a protein which means testes form and male androgens such as testosterone and anhydrotestosterone are released

Card 3

Front

What happens to females 6 weeks after conception?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What two chromosomes do females have?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How does the development of the male brain differ from the female brain?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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