the role of genes and hormones

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  • Created by: Abw97
  • Created on: 30-01-16 16:44
Define gender.
A persons sense of who they are. Their sense of maleness or femaleness.
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Define sex.
When someone is born a genetic male or female.
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How do genes play a role in gender. (AO1)
23 pairs chromosomes = genes = instructions on physical &behavioural characteristics. ** & XY. 3 week = embryo female. 3 month = feotus = hormones. Genetic transmission = how you acquires sex, may explain gender = link of genes, hormones, genitalia
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How does the David Reimer case support the role of genes in gender development.
Money - sex of rearing is more important than sex born. DR proved this wrong. reverted to boy despite hormones given, and sex of rearing. = proves genes to be more important.
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What influences the gonads development into ovaries or testes? (AO1)
The SRY gene (sex-determining region Y) on the Y chromosome. This in males causes development of testes. The absence of this in females causes the development of ovaries.
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How do hormones effect the development of genitalia? (AO1)
Can be seen in intersex individuals. Androgens (male hormones) e.g testosterone causes the development of male sex organs.
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What happens if the you are exposed to the wrong amount of androgens? (AO1)
Women =If exposed to too much androgens = ambiguous genitalia = appears to be male external genitalia. Males = if exposed to too little androgens = appear to be female genitalia. = Androgen insensitivity Syndrome (AIS)
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Describe the AIS case study. (AO1)
Imperato McGinley - Batista Family. 4 children with AIS. raised as girls. As teens = androgen development= Penis. Girls accepted sex change essily. Never took female role = past family = expected to become boys.
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How do hormones effect the development of the brain. (AO1)
Females and males have different brains. Females better at social and empathising. Males better at spatial skills. Androgens thought to make brains more masculine. May explain case of David Reimer.
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What did Reiner and Gearhart find about the role of genes? (AO2)
16 XY boys . 14 raised as girls. 2 raised as boys. 8 of 14 assigned as boys by age of 16.
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What is wrong with the methodology of Reiner and Gearhart and Money? (AO2)
Case Study. Results may not apply to others - lack of generalisabilty.
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What is another problem with research into the role of genes and hormones? (AO2)
Most research is into intersex individuals. Results may only be applicable to intersex people so need to carefully generalised to the rest of the population.
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Why are biological factors reductionist? (AO2)
Dessens et al - 250 ** females = too many androgens BUT still raised as females. 95% content with being female. 5% problems with gender dysphoria. = Other factors are important to gender development.
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What is the Real World Application? (AO2)
The Olympic committee. Rules =Contestants with ** chromosomes must compete in female catagory and those with XY must compete in male. Research in to gender development = 1991 - genetic sex would not determine entry into the Olympics.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Define sex.

Back

When someone is born a genetic male or female.

Card 3

Front

How do genes play a role in gender. (AO1)

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How does the David Reimer case support the role of genes in gender development.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What influences the gonads development into ovaries or testes? (AO1)

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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