Sociology - Educational Policies & Inequality - Flashcards in A Level and IB Sociology

Briefly explain what the Butler Education Act done.

Introduced 11+ exam & tripartite system (grammar, secondary modern, secondary technical).

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What are some advantages & disadvantages of the Butler Education Act?

Everyone takes the same exam, schools offered for all capabilities, meritocratic; 11+ unfair, people divided by class, lowered self-esteem, lowered standard of secondary modern, not meritocratic.

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Briefly explain what the Comprehensive School System done.

Renewed attempt at making education fair for all; Aimed to overcome the class divide; 11+ & grammar schools abolished & replaced with comprehensive (catchment).

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What are some advantages & disadvantages of the Comprehensive School System?

Everyone gets same education, no test, schools larger & cheaper, brings different social backgrounds together; 'Dumbed down' curriculum, no choice, not based on ability/effort, most able may suffer, all working class live in same area.

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Briefly explain what the Education Reform Act done.

Introduced OFSTED; Marketisation of education; National curriculum agreed; Compulsory SATS tests introduced; Schools manage own budgets; State schools given option to opt out; City Technology Colleges introduced.

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What are some advantages & disadvantages of the Education Reform Act?

Marketisation through parentocracy raises standards, OFSTED & league tables raise competition; Parentocracy reproduces class inequality, middle-class kids go to better schools.

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What is cream-skimming?

Good schools can be more selective over students (customers) and recruit high achieving middle class students.

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What is silt-shifting?

Good schools can avoid taking less able students who are likely to get poor results and damage the league tables.

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What are the three types of parents named by Gewirtz?

Privileged-skilled choosers (m/c, well educated); Disconnected-local choosers (w/c, less aware of schools open to them); Semi-skilled choosers (w/c, ambitious - frustrated at inability).

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What were the New Labour policies?

Education Action Zones; Aim Higher Programme; Educational Maintenance Allowances; National Literacy Strategy; Reduced class sizes.

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What was the New Labour paradox?

Introduced tuition fees for higher education & failed to abolish fee-paying private schools.

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Briefly explain what the Coalition Government done.

Encouraged academies (leave local authority); Introduced free schools (run by consumers); Added Free Schools Meals & Pupil Premium

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What were the negatives of the Coalition Government policies?

Fragmented Centralisation (diverse provision & academies/free schools); Increased inequality (FSMs & Pupil Premium spent on wrong students); EMAs abolished & uni tuition fees tripled.

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Sociology - Educational Policies & Inequality

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