Short and Long Term Memory

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What was the procedure in Jacob's study?
Showed a series of numbers for 10 seconds then he made the participants recall the numbers.
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What were the findings in Jacob's study?
People accurately remember 9.3 digits and 7.3 letters.
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What did Miller find and write an article about?
He found that people remember 7 items +/- 2. People can also remember 5 letters just as good as them remembering 5 words.
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Evaluation points for Miller?
Findings haven't been replicated since Cowan's study found that people remember 3 items.
Individual differences results in STM being different. The number of letters in an item is different for everyone and may influence the result.
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What was the procedure in Peterson and Peterson's study?
24 students went through 8 trials individually. They were shown 3 random letters followed by 3 random digits, e.g. SIF462. Then, they had to wait either 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, or 18 seconds. (During this time they had to count down from their number).
Then, the
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What were the findings in the Peterson and Peterson study?
90% were correct over 3 seconds. 20% correct after 9 seconds. 2% correct at 18 seconds.
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Evaluation points for Peterson and Peterson's study.
Low ecological validity as they wouldn't have to do tasks like this in real life.
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What was Bahrick's procedure?
He got 400 people aged 17-74 and tested their ability to recall names of 50 people from their yearbook.
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What did Bahrick find?
He found that those tested within 15 years of graduation were 90% accurate and those tested within 45 years were 70% accurate.
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What is coding?
When information is stored acoustically, visually, or semantically.
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What was Baddeley's procedure?
He tested participants on acoustically similar words (cap, cab, can, cat) vs semantically similar words (great, large, big, huge).
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What did Baddeley find?
Semantically similar words are better in STM but acoustically similar words are better in LTM.
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What are the evaluation points for Baddeley's study?
STM may not just be acoustic as Brandimore et al found that participants use visual coding for STM if they were given a visual task and prevented from verbal rehearsal. Wickens et al found that STM is sometimes semantic.
LTM may not just be semantic as Ro
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Card 2

Front

What were the findings in Jacob's study?

Back

People accurately remember 9.3 digits and 7.3 letters.

Card 3

Front

What did Miller find and write an article about?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Evaluation points for Miller?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What was the procedure in Peterson and Peterson's study?

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Preview of the front of card 5
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