Rivers and coasts 4.0 / 5 based on 2 ratings ? GeographyWater and riversGCSEOCR Created by: tallulahroseeCreated on: 24-02-17 17:32 evaporation water turning into water vapour 1 of 51 evapotranspiration the sum of evaporation from the Earth's surface together with the transpiration of plants 2 of 51 groundwater flow movement of water underground through rocks 3 of 51 infiltration seeping of water into soil 4 of 51 interception collection of water by vegetation 5 of 51 precipitation moisture that falls from the atmosphere in any form 6 of 51 surface runoff all water flowing on the Earth's surface 7 of 51 sustainable capable of existing in the long term 8 of 51 through-flow movement of water through the soil 9 of 51 transpiration loss of moisture from soil 10 of 51 water table the upper level of underground water 11 of 51 bedload larger particles moved along a river bed 12 of 51 erosion the wearing away and removal of rocks by the action of water, wind, and ice 13 of 51 freeze-thaw the continued freezing and thawing of moisture in rocks that will eventually cause them to break 14 of 51 weathering breaking up of rocks by the action of weather, plants, animals and chemical processes 15 of 51 hydro-electricity electricity produced by flowing water 16 of 51 lateral erosion erosion of the sides of a valley 17 of 51 vertical erosion downward erosion of a river bed 18 of 51 delta where a river breaks into many distributaries before it reaches the sea 19 of 51 estuary tidal part of a river mouth 20 of 51 flood plain flat area next to a river which is liable to flood 21 of 51 meanders large bends in a river 22 of 51 reclaimed land land that has be drained so that it can be used for development 23 of 51 discharge the volume of water in a river passing a point in a given time, measured in cumecs (cubic metres per second) 24 of 51 impermeable a surface that does not allow water to pass through it 25 of 51 permeable a surface that allows water to pass through it 26 of 51 canalisation making a river more like an artificially built canal 27 of 51 irrigation artificial watering of the land 28 of 51 monsoon annual period of heavy rainfall in Asia 29 of 51 storm surge extreme storm waves created by strong winds and low pressure, leading to higher sea levels and flooding 30 of 51 hard engineering use of concrete barriers to control water 31 of 51 Catchment Flood Management Plans (CFMPs) plans setting out strategies to reduce flood risks in a river basin over 50-100 years 32 of 51 geology the nature and structure of rocks 33 of 51 marine erosion the wearing away of rocks by the action of the sea 34 of 51 sub-aerial erosion processes active on the face and top of cliffs 35 of 51 backwash the movement of water down a beach by the action of gravity 36 of 51 destructive waves waves that erode coastlines 37 of 51 swash the force of breaking waves moving up a beach 38 of 51 consolidated rock rock with strong structure that is hard to break down 39 of 51 dredging taking sediment from river or sea bed 40 of 51 constructive waves waves that build up beach material to create landforms 41 of 51 groyne wooden or concrete construction built across a beach 42 of 51 longshore drift the movement of material along a coastline by the action of the waves 43 of 51 prevailing wind most frequent wind direction 44 of 51 nature reserve area set aside to preserve plants and animals 45 of 51 salt marsh an area of tidal mudflats, partially flooded at high tide 46 of 51 silt very fine sediment depo 47 of 51 mangroves evergreen trees and shrubs growing in tropical coastal areas, whose roots trap sediment and aid beach development 48 of 51 tsunami tidal wave caused by an underwater earthquake 49 of 51 beach replenishment building up the beach by pumping sand or shingle onto it 50 of 51 sustainable management long-term management that does not harm people or environments 51 of 51
GCSE Edexcel Specification B - Unit 1 - COASTAL CHANGE AND CONFLICT (PART 1) 3.0 / 5 based on 5 ratings
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