The principle that any person, regardless of their income, wealth, social or celebrity status or political power or influence
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Rights
Moral, legal or ethical entitlements that considered the basis of the values that underpin society.
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Presumption of innocence
A fundamental principle that a person charged with an offence is assumed innocent until found guilty in a court of law.
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Rules
Regulations or statements that govern behaviour within a specific area of activity.
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Laws
The system of formulated ideas of how members, groups and bodies should behave and be regulated in society.
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Fairness
Impartial and just treatment for all people
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Justice
Behaviour or treatment that is morally right and fair
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Discrimination
Treating a person or group of people unfairly on the basis of their gender, race, age etc.
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European Court of Human Rights
Court of the Council of Europe that sits in Strasbourg and rules on the European Convention of Human Rights.
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Judiciary
The legal authorities of the UK and consists of all the judges in the courts of law.
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Criminal Law
Law where individuals are charged by the state with an offence and if found guilty are punished by the state.
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Civil Law
Law that deals with disputes between individuals where damages are awarded.
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Common Law
Law based upon judges' rulings in court.
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Metropolitan Police Force (Met)
The title of the police force that is responsible for the London area.
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Police and community support officers
Local employed uniformed staff who help the police in local communities. They do not have police powers though.
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Legal Executives
Legally qualified specialists employed largely by solicitors.
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Solicitors
Mainly graduates who cover a range of both civil and criminal legal work and have to be formally qualified.
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Barristers
Graduates who become specialists in a narrow aspect of the law and are employed by solicitors on behalf of their clients to represent them in the higher courts.
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Citizens Advice
Community-based charity that provides help and advice including free legal advice
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Queen's Counsel (QC's)
Barristers may apply to become QC's. This is a recognition by their profession that they have become experts in their own field.
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Non-custodial
A criminal sentence that does not involve imprisonment.
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Custodial
A sentence that involved imprisonment
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Supreme Court
The final court of appeal in the UK for civil cases and for criminal cases from England, Wales and Northern Ireland. It hears cases of huge public or constitutional importance affecting the whole population.
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Employers' Association
Industry or regionally based bodies that seek to represent the interests of groups of employers.
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Strike
The withdrawal of one's labour, refusing to work.
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Secondary Action
When a worker not directly involved in a trade dispute takes action to support other workers.
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Recorded Crime
Crimes that are reported to and recorded by the police.
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Deterrance
Use of sentencing to prevent the offender and other committing the offence.
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Rehabilitation
An aim of sentencing seeking to change the behaviour of the offender.
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Reparations
Where an offender has to pay towards the damage they have caused.
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Youth Offending Teams (YOT's)
A partnership of organisations with a legal responsibility to prevent offending and reduce reoffending. YOT's involve community volunteers in their work and help to develop skills to engage with yound people.
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UN Convention on the Rights of the Child
Adopted in 1989 and stated the basic rights for a child. States that a child needs to survive, grow and reach their potential. The Convention applies equally to every child.
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International Humanitarian Law
A body of law associated with international disputes and the conduct of war and people affected by war.
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Geneva Conventions
The most important convention relating to how civilians and others should be treated during a time of war.
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Hague Conventions
Deal with the rules governing the conduct of war.
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International Criminal Court (ICC)
Set up in 1998 to try person indicted for crimes against humanity or war crimes. In all, 120 nations have agreed to work with the Court.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Moral, legal or ethical entitlements that considered the basis of the values that underpin society.
Back
Rights
Card 3
Front
A fundamental principle that a person charged with an offence is assumed innocent until found guilty in a court of law.
Back
Card 4
Front
Regulations or statements that govern behaviour within a specific area of activity.
Back
Card 5
Front
The system of formulated ideas of how members, groups and bodies should behave and be regulated in society.
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