Respiratory system

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  • Created by: Jenp15
  • Created on: 23-01-23 15:39
J N S T H E D I A P H R A G M V N H J G A
O M J J U R A E U I L K Y I A F N S O O I
E E V U I P L X U E D C A D T B O M P A H
C T V A R E V O X R L C N M M M I E E G O
E S J B C Q E N E B N F O E U F S O W X R
H Y P R S M O T S S R F I E T Y U K V E D
T S Y Q X U L Q L D K N T R I R F J D N R
A Y I N R J A V L D E K A T H J F J A L J
E R U M U J R W E I A J R L S R I H M T A
R O O U V X V G C A Y H I A L N D Q P C M
B T N L S O E K T P K S P I Q K O K H A Q
E A B O I C N H E H S H X H S F M F H T B
W R R C L T T I L R T A E C J L O H L A U
O I V L G V I H B A F O O N D T C V A A F
D P E A M X L I O G H P H O I V U G S E H
W S V N W I A J G M A S U R D D J M T N R
O E B I J A T R R H U S G B K T F S M D M
H R A P L V I K I M O Y W P C H J D M F P
R B W S T B O N Y F P W C F C T U U O G I
T C R U L D N L K L R P U U M F P S R Q H
H R P B T L W F Y M V O E F V A K D E K K

Clues

  • *'Breathing is controlled by parts of the brain called the 'pons' and the 'medulla' *They can regulate the rate and depth of breathing according to triggers such as levels of CO2 in the blood *Receptors lie in the aorta and carotid artery, and when they g (3, 2, 2, 7)
  • *12 Thoracic Vertebra *Provides posterior attachment for ribs 1-12 (6, 6)
  • *Alveoli are the functional units of the lungs and they form the site of gaseous exchange *The design of the 'air sacs' maximises the available surface area (90m2), therefore, maximising gas exchange. (8, 11)
  • *As the muscles relax the ribs drop and the diaphragm rises *Elastic recoil of lung tissue along with a reduction in the volume of the thorax causes pressure to rise *Air flows out - PASSIVE *If we are in a hurry we can actively exhale by contracting ou (10)
  • *Dome shaped muscle that flattens as it contracts. *As it does this the lower ribs are lifted upwards and outwards (9)
  • *O2 diffuses across the membranes of alveoli in the lung, into pulmonary circulation. *As the oxygenated blood reaches the body's tissues, it diffuses into cells. * This allows individual cell respiration. *The reverse occurs with the waste product - CO2 (11, 6)
  • *The diaphragm does 70% of inspiratory work. As it contracts, it flattens, pushing the ribs out *The internal and external intercostal muscles also work to move the rib cage up and out (3, 9)
  • Lined with cilia and goblet cells, working together to remove debris from the lungs and protect gas exchange (similar to the nose) (9, 4)
  • Secrete mucus to protect the mucus membrane - (6, 5)
  • The movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. *Happens in liquids and gases because their particles move randomly from place to place. *It is an important process for living organisms; this is out substan (9)

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