Respiratory system

1. *The diaphragm does 70% of inspiratory work. As it contracts, it flattens, pushing the ribs out *The internal and external intercostal muscles also work to move the rib cage up and out (3, 9)
5. *'Breathing is controlled by parts of the brain called the 'pons' and the 'medulla' *They can regulate the rate and depth of breathing according to triggers such as levels of CO2 in the blood *Receptors lie in the aorta and carotid artery, and when they g (3, 2, 2, 7)
6. Beat in time and in one direction, to 'Waft' any debris up this 'mucociliary escalator' Once this debris reaches the trachea, it can be removed with a cough (5)
9. Secrete mucus to protect the mucus membrane - (6, 5)

2. *12 pairs of long flat bones which articulate with the spinal column posteriorly *They run anteriorly and downwards (4)
3. Lined with cilia and goblet cells, working together to remove debris from the lungs and protect gas exchange (similar to the nose) (9, 4)
4. *An elongated flat bone *Provides protection and support anteriorly *Provides attachment for ribs1-10 *Made of 3 parts 1. Manubrium 2. Body 3. Xiphoid process (7)
7. *As the muscles relax the ribs drop and the diaphragm rises *Elastic recoil of lung tissue along with a reduction in the volume of the thorax causes pressure to rise *Air flows out - PASSIVE *If we are in a hurry we can actively exhale by contracting ou (10)
8. *Dome shaped muscle that flattens as it contracts. *As it does this the lower ribs are lifted upwards and outwards (9)
10. *The Respiratory system extends from the nose, through the pharynx and larynx, down the trachea, into the bronchial tree, as far as the alveoli and their blood supply. (7)

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