What was found at the end of Sherif et al. (1961) Robber’s Cave Study?
on the way home some of the children decided to sit next to people from the other group
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What happened in American after the segregation ended?
children used to be separate on colour however, the laws changed, and this segregation was stopped. They went to the same schools and used to same toilets. When they were allowed to go to break and lunch, the children only hung out in race and segregated
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What are the criticisms of de-segregation research?
• Kids often bussed back to their own separate ethnic communities at the end of the day
• Too much emphasis on short-term effects
• A ‘no differences’ approach is stressed too much
• Ideal contact conditions are rarely met
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What did Ben-Ari & Amir (1986) find about the Arab & Jewish Israelis relationship?
(1) Unpleasant contact can make things worse
(2) Organisers often the most keen
(3) High expectations can be hard to meet
(4) Too many one-off contact attempts
(5) Too little preparation
(6) Language barriers
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What is the contact hypothesis (Allport, 1954)?
suggests that intergroup contact under appropriate conditions can effectively reduce prejudice between majority and minority group members.
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What are the criticisms of contact research?
• Over-estimation of role of ignorance
• Direction of causality hard to ascertain
• Interpersonal or intergroup contact ideal?
• Generalisation of positive attitudes
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What is an example of a contract research?
The Jigsaw Classroom
Children work in groups on projects
cognitive dissonance is caused by incompatible attitudes
The effects are often small, and the whole thing can go badly wrong.
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What is the dual identity approach?
suggests that encouraging individuals to identify themselves and others on two levels of abstraction simultaneously can facilitate intergroup relations. you allow people in the in group or outgroup to maintain their identity instead of trying to fit them
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What did Pettigrew & Tropp (2006) meta analysis find?
• Meta-analysis of over 600 studies
• Conclude there IS evidence for prejudice reduction following contact
• 96% of studies reviewed showed reduction of prejudice
• Reduce intergroup anxiety
• Group salience is still advisable
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What is the common in-group identity model?
describes how intergroup bias can be reduced if members of different groups can be induced to conceive of themselves to be part of the same group, then they would develop more positive attitudes of the former outgroup members.
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How does the media impact prejudice?
Lack of positive Muslim role models in mass media cause people to believe bad information and generalise it to all muslims.
What happened in American after the segregation ended?
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children used to be separate on colour however, the laws changed, and this segregation was stopped. They went to the same schools and used to same toilets. When they were allowed to go to break and lunch, the children only hung out in race and segregated
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What are the criticisms of de-segregation research?
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Card 4
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What did Ben-Ari & Amir (1986) find about the Arab & Jewish Israelis relationship?
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