Research methods, psychology (year 1)

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  • Created by: OllyB18
  • Created on: 06-04-21 11:07
Independent group Design
=
One group does condition A and second group does condition B- ppts should be randomly allocated to each group
+ No order effects~ controlling an important CV
+PPts will not guess the aim~ behaviour may be more 'natural'
-Participant variables~ ppts in two groups are different may be EVs and CVs~ affecting the validity of results
-More PPts-more time spending recr
1 of 7
Repeated Measures Design
=
Same PPts take part in all conditions of an experiment- they should be counterbalanced to avoid order effects
+Participant variables are controlled~ controlling possible CV
+Fewer PPts~ less time recruiting people=less expensive
- Order Effects are still a problem~ may do better/worse at a task they've done twice~ reducing validity of results
-PPts may guess aims
2 of 7
Matched Pairs Design
=
Two groups of ppts are used but they are also related to each other by being paired on participant variables that matter to the experiment (e.g smokers/non smokers)
+ Participant variables are controlled~ enhancing the validity of results
+ No order effects~ enhancing the validity of the results
- Matching is time consuming and may not be perfect~ may not address the Participant variables correctly~ affecting the val
3 of 7
Lab Experiment
=
Controlled environment~ EVs and CVs can be regulated~ IV is manipulated and the effect on the DV is recorded
+EVs and CVs can be controlled~ cause and effect between IV and DV can be demonstrated
+ Can easily be replicated~ confirms validity~ high reliability
- May lack generalisability~ lab studies are artificial thus behaviour may not be natural low external v
4 of 7
Field Experiment
=
Natural setting~ IV is manipulated and the effect on DV is recorded
+ More natural environment~ results may be more generalisable to everyday
+ Participants are unware of being studied~ natural behaviour= greater external validity
- More difficult to control CVs~ more difficult to establish cause and effect than in the la
5 of 7
Natural Experiment
=
Experimenter does not manipulate the IV~ DV may be more naturally occurring or may be measured by the experimenter
+ Greater external validity= more natural= more generalisable
-Participants are not randomly allocated~ this may result in CVs that aren't controlled e.g Romanian orphans adopted earlier may be more friendly
6 of 7
Quasi-experiment
=
IV is based on pre-existence difference between people (e.g age)~ DV may be natural or measured by experimenter
+ There is often high control= shares the strengths of a lab experiment
+ Comparisons between people can be made
- PPts are not randomly allocated- Participant variables may have caused the change in the DV as a CV
-Casual relationships are not determined
7 of 7

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Repeated Measures Design
=
Same PPts take part in all conditions of an experiment- they should be counterbalanced to avoid order effects

Back

+Participant variables are controlled~ controlling possible CV
+Fewer PPts~ less time recruiting people=less expensive
- Order Effects are still a problem~ may do better/worse at a task they've done twice~ reducing validity of results
-PPts may guess aims

Card 3

Front

Matched Pairs Design
=
Two groups of ppts are used but they are also related to each other by being paired on participant variables that matter to the experiment (e.g smokers/non smokers)

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Lab Experiment
=
Controlled environment~ EVs and CVs can be regulated~ IV is manipulated and the effect on the DV is recorded

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Field Experiment
=
Natural setting~ IV is manipulated and the effect on DV is recorded

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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