Reproduction and DNA

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  • Created by: NathanR-B
  • Created on: 28-10-15 03:53
What are the female reproductive organs?
Vagina + Uterus(womb) + Fallopian Tubes (Uterine) + Ovaries.
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What are the male reproductive organs?
Penis + Testicles + Epididymis + Vas Deferens + Accessory sex glands.
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What are chromosomes and how are they formed?
Chromosomes are formed when DNA strands coil up and combine. Chromosomes are responsible for giving people their traits or unique characteristics.
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What is a gene and what does it do?
A gene is a piece of DNA. Each gene contains instructions for constructing particular polypeptide.
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What is the difference between the chromosomes of a male and female?
On a karyotype (a picture showing chromosomes), the female sex chromosomes are identical and look like an X. A male has one smaller sex chromosome, which makes the pair look like a Y.
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What is DNA for?
DNA contains the information for the production of proteins. The information is encoded within the 4 DNA bases; Adrenaline, Thymine, Cytocine, and Guanine (ATCG).
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What is Mitosis?
A cell division process, which creates new cells with an equal amount of chromosomes as the original.
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Give and example of Mitosis?
Mitosis occurs in humans when a single fertilised egg is turned into an adult human.
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What is Meiosis?
A cell division process, which produces new cells with only half the amount of chromosomes as the original.
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Give an example of Meiosis?
Meiosis occurs in humans when the ovaries and testes create egg and sperm cells.
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Explain the process of fertilisation?
A male and female gamete (sex cell) combine so the fertilised egg (the zygote) has a diploid number of chromosomes.
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Define Phenotype?
The set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.
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Define Genotype?
Set of genes in an organism, which is responsible for a particular trait.
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Distinguish the difference between dominant and recessive traits?
A dominant trait is the trait which appears in a person, whether the recessive trait is not.
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Explain Heterozygous?
When a person has two different alleles of a gene. Sometimes one is dominant over the other.
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Explain Homozygous?
When a person has a pair of matching alleles, which are the
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Explain DNA mutation?
Mutation is a natural process that changes a DNA sequence.
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Give an example of DNA mutation?
Cancer
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the male reproductive organs?

Back

Penis + Testicles + Epididymis + Vas Deferens + Accessory sex glands.

Card 3

Front

What are chromosomes and how are they formed?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a gene and what does it do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the difference between the chromosomes of a male and female?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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