Reigns of Richard I and John

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  • Created by: Nic
  • Created on: 17-11-16 22:07
Men who served the king and help to rule a specified area
Agents
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Hostility, prejudice or discrimination against Jews
Antisemitism
2 of 49
Decisions taken by an individual based on their own wishes, as opposed to being based on law or agreed principles
Arbitrary power
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A man who holds a barony (land) from the king
Barons
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The Church district controlled by a bishop, often containing many churches
Bishoprics
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An empire of the eastern Mediterranean region, dating from AD 395 when the Roman Empire was partitioned into eastern and western portions.
Byzantine Empire
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The head of the chancery. This was an office that travelled with the king and wrote and sealed the king's charters and letters
Chancellor
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A document that gave people certain rights and privileges
Charter
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People who wrote books describing historical events or the life of a nobleman
Chroniclers
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One of the world's seven large landmasses. The land held by Richard and John on the Continent refers to land they held outside of England in the Continent of Europe
Continent
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An ancient punishment in which an individual was nailed or bound to a cross.
Crucify
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Wars between Christian and Muslim armies in the area around Jerusalem (the Holy Land)
Crusade
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A tool used in spinning. It is designed to hold the unspun fibres, keeping them untangled
Distaff
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The land controlled by a Duke
Duchy
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The land ruled over by an Earl, often but not always a county
Earldoms
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A punishment that banned an individual from being a member of the CHurch
Excommunicate
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The way in which society was structured in the Middle Ages.
Feudal Hierachy
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Money paid by individuals as a result of demands forced on them by a king or someone in authority
Financial impositions
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The right or left side of a military formation
Flank
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The loss of land or property as a punishment for treason or a criminal act
Forfeiture
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The ceremony in which a new tenant swore loyalty to his tenant-in-chief. This ceremony created a bond of loyalty
Homage
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A declaration by Church authorities that those who say certain prayers or do good deeds will not have to spend so long in Purgatory. A full indulgence meant that a person's soul could pass straight into Heaven, without going through Purgatory.
Indulgence
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A punishment from the Pope that bans certain church services.
Interdict
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The king's chief minister; the man who was in charge of the government during the king's absence from the kingdom
Justiciar
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The agreement by which a tenant promised to provide a number of knights to his lord in return for land.
Knight Service
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The services owed by an unfree tenant to his lord in return for land. This involved providing agricultural labour to the lord, often on a weekly basis
Labour Service
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A piece of land owned or rented by an individual or group of individuals
Landholding
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Islam's holiest city, the birthplace of the Prophet Muhammed
Makkah
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Servants of the king who carried out his wishes and commands
Ministers
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Movable property, especially corn and animals
Moveables
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An important position that helped the king run the country
Offices
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A lord who had power or authority over other lords
Overlord
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A letter or announcement from the Pope
Papal bull
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The power to control appointments to office or the right to privaleges
Patronage
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People who worked on the lord's land or for a free tenant. They had no rights and could not leave their manor (village) without their lord's permission
Peasant
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A violent attack, massacre or persecution of a minority group
Pogroms
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Land ruled over by a prince or monarch
Principality
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A special right or advantage, granted to a particular group
Privaleges
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A person who would look after the king and govern the country if the new monarch was too young or unable to rule
Protector
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People believed that this was the place where the spirits of dead people went to before they were ready to go to Heaven. In this place they would have to suffer for the evil acts they did whilst alive.
Purgatory
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A person appointed to rule a kingdom if the new king was too young to rule
Regent
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Land controlled by the king, rather than land held from him by a tenant-in-chief
Royal demesne
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The part of the royal government that was responsible for collecting and counting the king's revenue
Royal exchequer
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Money owed by a tenant-in-chief in place of sending a quota of knights to the king.
Scutage
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A member of the royal household in charge of domestic arrangements and the administration of servants
Seneschal
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The man that the king put in charge of a county
Sheriff
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Muslims who believed that Muhammad's successor should come from his family. They believed that Muhammed's proper successor was his son-in-law and cousin Ali ibn Ali Talib
Shi'ite Muslims
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Muslims who believed that after Muhammad's death his successor should be appointed by an election. They believe that Muhammad's father-in-law Abu Bakr was his proper successor
Sunni Muslims
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A person granted the use of land, in return for homage and usually military service
Vassal
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Hostility, prejudice or discrimination against Jews

Back

Antisemitism

Card 3

Front

Decisions taken by an individual based on their own wishes, as opposed to being based on law or agreed principles

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

A man who holds a barony (land) from the king

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

The Church district controlled by a bishop, often containing many churches

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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