Psychology Unit 1 3.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? PsychologyUnit 1GCSEOCR Created by: AshleyUWCreated on: 01-06-16 12:42 Define input. The process of data entry. 1 of 40 Define encoding. The process in which data is changed into another format. 2 of 40 Define storage. The process in which information is held, ready to be used at a later date. 3 of 40 Define retrieval. The process in which information is located and taken out of storage. 4 of 40 Define output. The process of using data after it has been retrieved. 5 of 40 What is meant by accessibility problems? Problems associated with retrieving information in storage. 6 of 40 What is meant by availability problems? Problems associated with information no longer being stored. 7 of 40 Name the 3 stores of the multi-store model of memory. Sensory memory, shot-term memory, and long-term memory. 8 of 40 What is the capacity and duration capable by the short-term memory? Capacity=7 to 9 pieces of information/Duration=15 to 25 seconds 9 of 40 What is the capacity and duration capable by the long-term memory? Capacity= Infinite pieces of information/Duration= Unlimited amount of time 10 of 40 Define decay. The fading of information over time until it is forgotten. 11 of 40 Define displacement. The process by which information is "shut out" of storage by new information, and so becomes forgotten. 12 of 40 What is meant by maintenance rehearsal? Repeating information so that it stays in storage, either temporarily or permanently. 13 of 40 What is meant by shallow processing? Only encoding information based on it's physical characteristics. 14 of 40 What is meant by deep processing? Coding information for meaning. 15 of 40 Why is mind mapping thought to be effective? Because they are supposed to reflect the way that memory is organised. 16 of 40 Define secure attachment. When a child and caregiver have a relationship built on trust and security - the child wants to interact with them. 17 of 40 Define insecure avoidant attachment. When the child and caregiver have a relationship that is quite independent of one another. 18 of 40 Define insecure ambivalent attachment. When the child can be demanding of the caregiver, yet awkward with them at the same time. 19 of 40 Define monotropy. An attachment to one primary caregiver. 20 of 40 What is meant by the critical period? The 1st three years of a child's life, when attachment has to take place or there will be consequences. 21 of 40 Define privation. When a child forms no attachment to a caregiver. 22 of 40 Define deprivation. When a child has an attachment to a caregiver, but this attachment is then broken by separation. 23 of 40 What impact did infant attachment types have on adult relationships? Secure - Happy and supportive relationships. Avoidant - Afraid of intimacy, prone to jealousy. Ambivalent - Prone to obsession, extreme attraction. 24 of 40 Define defiance. Resisting orders from people in authority. 25 of 40 What is meant by denial of responsibility? Blaming actions on a higher authority rather than accepting the blame. 26 of 40 Define setting. The physical environment in which something takes place. 27 of 40 Define culture. A way of life made up of a set of rules, standards, and expectations. 28 of 40 Define consensus. When everybody agrees on something. 29 of 40 Define dispositional factors. Factors associated with an individual's personality. 30 of 40 What is an authoritarian personality? A personality type that is prone to obedience. 31 of 40 What 3 uniforms did Bickman test with? A guard, a milkman, and a civilian. 32 of 40 Define atypical behaviour. A behaviour which is considered abnormal, usually applying to the minority. 33 of 40 Define agoraphobia. A fear of public spaces. 34 of 40 Define school phobia. A fear of attending/being at school. 35 of 40 Define social phobia. A fear of being exposed or embarrassed during social contact. 36 of 40 Define acrophobia. A fear of heights. 37 of 40 Define arachnophobia. A fear of spiders. 38 of 40 What is meant by classical conditioning? Learning via association, so that stimuli are associated with a response. 39 of 40 What does the evolutionary theory believe? That animals have evolved over time and instinctively behave in ways that allow them to survive and reproduce. 40 of 40
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