Unit 1 - Stress 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologyStressGCSEWJEC Created by: ibellahollidayCreated on: 19-04-17 17:41 Stress emotion state of psychological arousal predicted by physical and psychological pressures stressor - physical or psychological stimulus that threatens your wellbeing reactions to stressors hypothalalmus pituitary gland stimulates autonomic nervous system ANS and produces adrenaline increased heart rate, sweating, raised blood pressure fight or flight long term effects adrenaline prohibits anti-body productions impaired immune system - infections etc ulcers - noradrenaline = production of digestive juices raised blood pressure - Chronic Heart Disease depletion of body's resources 1 of 6 Research HOLMES AND RAHE 1967 Social Readjustment Rating Scale 5000 patients' records 43 life events (preceding illness) 400 participants rated made a scale with life scale units LCUs advantages triggered research into stress and helps prevent future health problems disadvantages can't control life events interpretations small correlations 2 of 6 Research DELONGIS 1982 Daily Hassles Measurements daily hassles vs. life events 100 people given questionnaires over one year 117 hassles, rating frequency and intensity advantages correlate with health status and bodily symptoms disadvantages individual differences - degrees of stress 3 of 6 Research FRIEDMAN AND ROSENHAM 1959 Stress and Personality identification of personality types - different responses to stress Type A are hostile, Type B are relaxed, Type C are conventional and helpless three studies, 1959, 1974, 1986 Type A run a higher risk of heart disease and higher blood pressure than type B's longitudinal study 3200 middle aged managers and executives questionnaires over 8.5 years 8 years later, 257 participants had developed coronary heart disease 70% of them who had developed CHD were Type A Type A more prone to stress related illnesses more stress, more hormones, more fight or flight response 22 years later, 214 men had died from CHD, 56% of those were Type A 4 of 6 Research advantages large scale study Haynes et al 1980 included women - applied to high risk people a lot of other studies back up this investigation disadvantages cannot generalise to females or different age groups death is not a good indicator as people may have taken preventative measures individual differences correlation not cause-effect androcentric sample problems unequal split defining types research into hostility rather than types 5 of 6 Research BRADY 1958 ulcers in 'executive monkeys' backs up link between stress and illnesses KIECOL-GLASER 1984 immune system under stress backs up link between stress and illnesses 6 of 6
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