A relatively permanent change in behaviour due to experience.
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Classical Conditioning
A procedure in which an animal or person learns to associate a reflex response with a new stimulus.
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Classical conditioning schedule
The steps in the procedure to condition a new response
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Unconditional Stimulus (UCS)
The stimulus that produces a reflex response(food for Pavlov's dog)
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Unconditioned response (UCR)
The reflex response to a UCS (salivating to food)
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Conditioned Stimulus (CS)
A new stimuls presented with the UCS (the bell in Pavlovs study)
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Conditioned response (CR)
The response that is now learnt; it now occurs when the UCS is presented
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Extinction
A response that dies out
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Spontaneous Recovery
A conditioned response that has disappeared suddenly appears again
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Generalisation
The conditioned response is produced when a similar stimulus to the original stimulus is presented
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Operant Conditioning
learning due to the consequences of behaviour, through positive or negative reinforcement
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Law of effect
behaviours that are followed by rewards are usually repeated; those that are punished are not usually repeated
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Punishment
a stimulus that weakens behaviour because it is unpleasant and we try to avoid it.
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Reinforcement
a consequence of behaviour that encourages or strengthens a behaviour. (a reward)
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Positive Reinforcement
a reward or pleasant consequence that increases the likelihood that a behaviour or action will be repated
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Negative Reinforcement
when an unpleasant experinece is removed after a behaviour or action is made. this increases the likelihood of the behaviour or action to be repeated.
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Behaviour Shaping
Changing behaviour in small steps
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Phobia
A persistent and irrational fear of an object,activity or situation. The typical symptoms are intense feelings of fear and anxiety to avoid the object,activity or situation
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Flooding
A treatment for phobias that involves the imediate exposure of the person to the feared activity,object or event, until there is no fear response.
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Systematic desensatisation
a treatment for phobias in which the subject is told to relax and then graduallyb exposed to the feared object,activity or event
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Hierarchy of fears
a series of feared events ranked from least scariest to most scariest.
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Aversion therapy
A treatment for addictions in which the addict is conditioned to have extremely negative reactions to the addictive substance.
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Primary reinforcer
a reward such as food or water, that the animal or person needs to survive
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Secondary reinforcer
a reward such as money so the animal or person can exchange it for a primary reinforcer
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
A procedure in which an animal or person learns to associate a reflex response with a new stimulus.
Back
Classical Conditioning
Card 3
Front
The steps in the procedure to condition a new response
Back
Card 4
Front
The stimulus that produces a reflex response(food for Pavlov's dog)
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