Product Design Revision

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  • Created by: Théa
  • Created on: 12-06-13 18:17
What is vacuum forming?
Plastic, such as HIPS is clamped into place, then heated very quickly. Then, air is blown in, to stretch the plastic. At the same time, the air is sucked out and a mould is brought up so the plastic is shaped around the mould.
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What are the advantages of vacuum forming?
It is a quick process / colours can be changed easily
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What are the disadvantages of vacuum forming?
It requires draft angles, so the mould doesn't get stuck inside the plastic that is formed
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What is blow moulding?
Plastic, such as PET, is extruded and allowed to lengthen with gravity. Then, it is clamped into place at the top of the mould and air is blown into the mould. The soft plastic then takes the shape of the mould.
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What are the advantages of blow moulding?
Quick process / the bottles all have even amounts of plastic everywhere
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What are the disadvantages of blow moulding?
It is limited to making things out of plastic which are hollow
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What is injection moulding?
Plastic pellets/granules, such as Polypropylene are fed into the injection moulder. As it travels along, towards the mould, it it gradually heated, so that when it reaches the mould it can be forced in. It is taken out and has a ****** where snapped
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What are the advantages of injection moulding?
It can produce a range of products / the colour can be changed easily
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What are the disadvantages of injection moulding?
High cost for initial equipment / not all products are easily made using this technique
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What is Die Cutting?
A drawing from a computer (CAD) is used to make a template of what wants to be cut out, and this is added to with blades to make the cutter. Then, this is used to cut out shapes, which are identical, made of card or metal, such as tin.
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What are the advantages of Die Cutting?
All the shapes cut out are identical / gives a high quality product most of the time
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What are the disadvantages of Die Cutting?
Blades are not easily removed or replaced if they get damaged / quite high cost
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Why do products change over time, in connection with materials and manufacturing?
There have been developments in newer or 'smart' materials which are better fitted to a certain purpose / plastics replaced many other products and were cheaper for people / product quality and the ability to make a wider range of products - CAD, CAM
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Why do products change over time, in connection with social factors?
People's views about what is acceptable or fashionable has changed, therefore products have adapted to fit these views / political changes, particularly regarding the economy changed, so products also changed
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Why do products change over time, in connection with the environment?
Mainly in recent years, we have begun to realise the impacts manufacturing are having on the environment, so designers and manufacturers are having to change products so they have less of a negative impact / products need to be recycled, reused, etc
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What is The Arts and Crafts Movement?
A movement founded by William Morris at the end of the 19th Century. It is inspired by organic shapes + patterns found in nature. He promoted quality products and used expensive materials + traditional techniques for his work, for rich people to buy
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What is Art Nouveau?
A design style which was based on organic lines of climbing plants and Japanese art. It was popular with designers of glass, furniture, fabrics and wrought ironwork.
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What is Modernism?
Modernist designs were made ergonomically, using appropriate materials and very little decoration. It used more Geometric Shapes, like the work of Charles Rennie Mackintosh, rather than organic lines. These products were easier to mass produce.
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What is Bauhaus?
The Bauhaus was a school of art and design in Germany. Between 1919-1933, Bauhaus designers used modern materials to and mass-production methods. The designs were artistic and skilled, whilst following the principle that form should follow function.
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What is Art Deco?
It was a fashionable and glamorous period of design, influenced by other design movements and Egyptian art. It was used in interior design between 1920-1939 and is seen in most architecture from the time. The style is generally bright and bold.
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What is De Stijl?
Using basic shapes and primary colours, it took geometric shapes to another level. It was founded in Holland by artists and architects, inspiring a range of furniture and architecture.
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How was the 'designer label' created?
In the 1990s there was a change in the way people bought products. They were no longer interested in the actual design, but were interested in the designer. Celebrity image, promotion and packaging became all-important for designers.
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What is a blobject?
A product designed using CAD or CAM to reduce styling constraints
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What is Anthropomorphism?
Using human features on objects to improve the human interface, making the product more aesthetically pleasing
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What are Gizmos?
A small, multi-functional device. They usually have a short life, as companies are constantly adding more and more features. This adds value, but also makes them more complex.
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What is technology push?
A process in which the new advances in science and technology, discovered through research, are passed onto a design and development team, so that they can be incorporated into the making of new products. For example, phones and their development.
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What is market pull?
Describes how the inspiration for new products comes from the needs of society. Market research helps companies create products which allow them to: sell to new customers, increasing the products market / encourage brand loyalty / persuade customers
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What is obsolescence?
When companies deliberately plan to minimise the 'life' of a product. Such as disposable razors, disposable cameras and ball point pens.
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What are the three ways of approaching the design process?
Empirical Design, Intuitive Design, Systematic Design
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What is empirical design?
By observing and analysing, designers learn and develop fresh innovations. Designing with trial and error, experimental approach.
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What is intuitive design?
Some designers can make decisions quickly, immediately perceiving what is going to work. For example, fashion designers are intuitive, in knowing what the next trends are going to be.
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What is systematic design?
This breaks down the designing process into areas such as: research, analysis, specification, designs, development, testing, etc.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the advantages of vacuum forming?

Back

It is a quick process / colours can be changed easily

Card 3

Front

What are the disadvantages of vacuum forming?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is blow moulding?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are the advantages of blow moulding?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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