Presbyterians, Puritans and Catholics

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When was the English college at Douai founded?
1568
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What was the college doing within six years?
Sending newly trained priests to England
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What did Haigh say about the college?
It was an 'instant educational success'
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What two things made the task more dangerous?
(1) The Papal Bull excommunicating Elizabeth (2) The reaction of the English authorities
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By 1575, how many secular priests were working in England? What number did this increase to by 1580?
11 priests in 1575, 100 priests by 1580
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Where did the priests largely operate from?
Country houses of the Catholic gentry and aristocracy
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How did operating from the houses of Catholic gentry pose a problem?
Although the priests were safe, they could do little work to sustain the faith of more humble Catholics
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When did the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) begin working in England?
1580
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Name the first two Jesuits to become involved in attempting to recatholicise England. What is surprising about one of the priests?
Robert Parsons and Edmund Campion, Edmund Campion was formerly a rising star in the Church of England
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Which historian argues that Seminary priests and Jesuits did much to ensure the survival of an English Catholic community?
John Bossy
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Which historian holds a more sceptical view of the contribution of Seminary priests and Jesuits?
Christopher Haigh
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Name a reason Haigh gives to support his argument that Seminary priests and Jesuits contributed little
Priests were operating in difficult and dangerous times, therefore it was easier to operate in safe houses and many priests became household chaplains.
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Name another reason Haigh gives to support his argument that Seminary priests and Jesuits contributed little
Most Catholic priests operated in the south-east of England, where the Catholic population was the smallest. Meanwhile there were no priests in the North, where the number of Catholics was much higher and their work could have had more impact.
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In 1580, how many priests were serving the small population of Catholics in London and Essex?
Half of the priests in England
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Name a third reason Haigh gives to support his argument that Seminary priests and Jesuits did little.
Their reliance on working for the Catholic gentry meant that humbler Catholics were ignored.
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According to Haigh, what did Catholicism become?
A country house religion
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Following the Papal Bull excommunicating Elizabeth in 1570, what act did the government pass?
In 1571, an act was passed that declared that bringing or publishing the papal bull was treasonable.
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A second anti-Catholic law was passed in 1581, what series of events sparked its creation?
The start of the Jesuit mission in 1580, the rebellion in Ireland that had foreign support and Phillip II's annexation of Portugal that hugely increased his potential naval power.
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The Act to Retain the Queen's Majesty's Subjects in their Due Obedience did what?
Made it treason to withdraw your allegiance to either the Queen or Church of England
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The fine of non-attendance at Church was raised to what figure?
£20 per month
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What is John Guys argument regarding the anti-Catholic laws?
That the persistent persecution was reserved for notorious malcontent's and implemented during the crisis years before and after the Armada.
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How many priests were executed in 1581? What had this number risen to the following year?
Four priests were executed in 1581, eleven priests were executed in 1582
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How many priests had arrived from 1580-1585 to England?
179 priests
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Why was the international situation becoming more desperate for Protestants?
1) The assassination of William of Orange (2) The confinement of Dutch rebels to the watery parts of Holland and Zeeland
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In December 1584, who had Phillip II made an alliance with? And what did this event trigger the passing of in 1585?
(1) The Catholic League in France (2) the Act against Jesuits and Seminary Priests
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What was the Act against Jesuits and Seminary Priests?
This made it treasonable for any priest ordained under the Pope's authority to enter England.
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How many priests were convicted and executed under the terms of this act form 1586 to 1603?
123 priests
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How were the recusany fines made more extreme?
(1) The laws were tightened in 1587 (2) Any recusant who defaulted on his payment of fines could have 2/3 of his estate seized by the Exchequer
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What was the Bond of Association drafted by Burghley and Walsingham in October 1584?
Anyone who took the oath of association was required to execute (murder) anyone who attempted or succeeded in usurping the throne or who made an attempt on Elizabeth's life or succeeded in that attempt.
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How did Haigh describe the Bond of Association?
'A panic response to an exaggerated threat'
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Who was Ridolfi and what was the Ridolfi Plot in 1571?
(1) Ridolfi was a banker from Florence who was invovled in the 1569 rebellion (2) Secure the landing of Spanish troops in Essex to march on London and overthrow Elizabeth, replace her with Mary,Queen of Scots and marry her to the Duke of Norfolk
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What happened after the plot was uncovered?
Burghley used parliamentary pressured to force Elizabeth to execute Norfolk and convict Mary of treason. Elizabeth agreed to the execution of Norfolk.
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When and what was the Throckmorton Plot?
(1) The Throckmorton Plot was in 1583 (2) A landing in Sussex by a force under the command of the Duke of Guise, which would generate support from local Catholic gentry to place Mary on the throne.
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How was the plot uncovered?
Sir Francis Walsingham had a mole in the French embassy, he targeted Throckmorton and had him executed.
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What did John Bossy call the plot?
'A fairly near thing'
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What was the plot in 1586 that led to the execution of Mary,Queen of Scots?
The Babington Plot
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According to John Guy, what was Burghley seeking to do?
Burghley was seeking a way to destroy Mary, Queen of Scots
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Who was Anthony Babington in contact with? What was his co-conspirators aim?
(1) Babington was in contact with the expelled Spanish Ambassador Mendoza (2) Mendoza's aim was to launch a Spanish invasion of England while promoting a Catholic uprising to assassinate Elizabeth and place MQS on the throne.
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How did Walsingham secure Mary's complicity in the Babington Plot?
Walsingham intercepted Babington's and had him interrogated. The letter was decoded and sent on. Mary replied consenting Elizabeth's assassination.
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According to John Guy, Mary's complicity was what?
'undeniable'
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What was the college doing within six years?

Back

Sending newly trained priests to England

Card 3

Front

What did Haigh say about the college?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What two things made the task more dangerous?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

By 1575, how many secular priests were working in England? What number did this increase to by 1580?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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