Physics Term 1 0.0 / 5 ? PhysicsAtomsAlpha, Beta, GammaHalf LifeIrradiation and ContaminationNuclear MedicineNuclear FissionNuclear FusionGCSEAQA Created by: EllaWarsap1Created on: 22-11-18 10:52 Isotopes element with: - Same protons -Different neutrons 1 of 47 Particle Charges Protons- +1 Neurons- 0 Electrons- -1 2 of 47 Atomic Mass Number of protons and neutrons 3 of 47 Atomic Number Number of protons 4 of 47 Unstable Nucleus of atom is changing 5 of 47 Radioactive Isotopes A nucleus that is unstable, Alpha, Beta, Gamma. 6 of 47 Ionisation The loss or gain of an electron 7 of 47 Ion Atom with an overall positive or negative charge, gained or lost and electron 8 of 47 Alpha's Penetration limit paper and 10cm of arr/space 9 of 47 Beta's penetration limit thick piece of aluminium 10 of 47 Gamma very think piece of lead, very dense material 11 of 47 Ionisation of Radioactive Isotopes caused by collision of atoms with Alpha, Beta, Gamma 12 of 47 Best at Ionising and Worst at Penetrating? Alpha 13 of 47 Measurement of Radiation Sievert 14 of 47 Sources of Radiation Sun, Nuclear industry, X-rays, Dentists, Rocks, Soil, Food, Building materials, Bodies of living things, Jobs 15 of 47 Where does Background Radiation come from? The nucleus 16 of 47 Alpha Mass 2 neutrons, 2 protons 17 of 47 Beta Mass from centre of the nucleus, high energy electron. 18 of 47 Gamma Mass High energy electromagnetic radiation 19 of 47 Most likely to collide? Alpha, it's the biggest 20 of 47 Reach person quickest? Gamma, it's a wave 21 of 47 Reach a person slowest? Alpha, it ionises too quickly 22 of 47 Most dangerous outside the body? Gamma 23 of 47 Most dangerous eaten? Alpha, ionises the cells 24 of 47 Least dangerous eaten? Gamma, pass through you before hitting any cells 25 of 47 Alpha Charge +2 26 of 47 Beta Charge -1 27 of 47 Gamma Charge 0 28 of 47 Decay equations what we start with, what is made, when the nuclear decay occurs. 29 of 47 Nuclear Equations Strategy Add up both sides. 30 of 47 Random Cannot predict when a nucleus changes from unstable to stable. Cannot not predict which nucleus with turn stable next. 31 of 47 Spontaneous cannot cause something to happen 32 of 47 Radioactive Decay the number of unstable nuclei decreases with time. 33 of 47 Half life the time it takes for the number of radioactive nuclei to decrease by half. 34 of 47 Irradiation When an object is exposed to nuclear radiation 35 of 47 What are Sources of Radiation? sky, air, food, soil, building material 36 of 47 Uses of Radiation kill cancer cells, sterilise food for seriously ill, kill bacteria on fresh foods 37 of 47 How can Radioactive Sources lead to Cancer? ionisation changes DNA, leads to mutation, leads to cancer 38 of 47 Contamination made impure by polluting and poisioning 39 of 47 How Gamma rays are produced? emitted by radioisotopes 40 of 47 How are X-rays produced? x-ray machine 41 of 47 Gamma rays and X-rays used for? explore internal organs and bones, control or destroy cancerous cells 42 of 47 Manufactured Radioisotope produced with properties that make them ideal for specific use. 43 of 47 How Cancer Cells can be destroyed by large doses of Radiation? Radiotherapy, Cobalt-60, X-rays 44 of 47 X-rays properties only produced when needed, control rate of production, energy can be changed 45 of 47 Gamma rays propeties cannot change rate of production, cannot change energy, emitted from particular source. 46 of 47 Minimise Damage of healthy cells during Radiotherapy 3 beams rotated around patient, tumour in the centre, minimises overlap of sensitive organs, 47 of 47
Comments
No comments have yet been made