Physics 12- Wave properties

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Define a transverse wave and give some examples
The vibrations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transferred. Examples include water waves, electromagnetic waves and some seismic waves
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Define a longitudinal wave and give some examples
The vibrations are parallel to the direction of energy transferred. Has areas of compression and rarefaction. Examples include sound waves, ultrasound and some seismic waves
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What is the amplitude of a wave?
The maximum displacement of a point on a wave away from its undisrupted position. The 'height' of the wave from the peak or trough of a wave to the midpoint
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What happens to light when it enters a more dense object at an angle?
-Light changes direction -This is because the light slows down -The wave fronts slow down at the end touching the more dense object but the waves which don't, continue at the normal pace causing the wave fronts to turn direction and become closer
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What is the human range of hearing?
20Hz to 20KHz
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What are the uses of ultrasound?
-Scanning unborn babies -Cleaning delicate instruments and jewellery -
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What is important to remember in an echo calculation?
You must halve the distance, in most cases, as as the distance calculated will be to the object AND back
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Describe the frequency and amplitude of 1) A low, loud sound 2) A high, loud sound 3) A low, quiet sound 4) A high, quiet sound
1) Low frequency, big amplitude 2) High frequency, big amplitude 3) Low frequency, small amplitude 4) High frequency, small amplitude
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What is the equation relating wave speed, wavelength and frequency?
Wave speed= frequency x wavelength (v = f λ)
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Give a method for calculating the speed of sound and what is the speed of sound?
-Speed of sound=340m/s -Stand a distance from a wall where an echo can be heard -Clap blocks together and measure the time delay for 10 echoes -Work out a mean and use speed=distance/time to work out the speed of sound.
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What are the advantages of using ultrasound over X-rays for scanning babies?
-Risk free, doesn't damage cells unlike x-rays which are ionising and causes serious issues for the baby -Non-invasive -Accurate -'Real time' video -Image is immediately available
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What are the advantages of using ultrasound over X-rays for scanning babies?
-Images from deeper into the body result in progressively poorer resolution -Relies on an expert sonographer -After 18 weeks, pregnancy scans aren't likely to show up anything other than major problems with the baby
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How do ultrasound waves work?
Ultrasound waves are partially reflected when they meet a boundary between two different media. The time taken for the reflections to reach a detector can be used to determine how far away the boundary is
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What is a P-wave?
P-waves (primary) are longitudinal, seismic waves. They can travel through solids and liquids, at different speeds. They travel faster than S-waves
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What is an S-wave?
S-waves (secondary) are transverse, seismic waves. They can only travel through solids and travel fairly slowly
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Define a longitudinal wave and give some examples

Back

The vibrations are parallel to the direction of energy transferred. Has areas of compression and rarefaction. Examples include sound waves, ultrasound and some seismic waves

Card 3

Front

What is the amplitude of a wave?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What happens to light when it enters a more dense object at an angle?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the human range of hearing?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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