muscle or muscle group whose action is mainly responsible for producing a given motion
2 of 29
what is an antagonist?
acts to produce the opposite action of the prime mover, the relaxing muscle
3 of 29
muscles that stabilise a joint to prevent unwanted movement
synergists (like in a handstand)
4 of 29
muscle contracts but no movement occurs
isometric
5 of 29
muscle changes length while contracting
isotonic
6 of 29
muscle shortens as it contracts
concentric
7 of 29
muscle lengthens as it contracts
eccentric
8 of 29
sagittal plane - how is it split?
left and right
9 of 29
frontal plane - how is it split?
front and back
10 of 29
transverse plane - how it is split?
top and bottom
11 of 29
name the three types of joints
ball and socket, hinge, pivot
12 of 29
give an example of a hinge joint
the knee between the femur and tibia
13 of 29
give an example of a ball and socket joint
the hip between the pelvis and femur
14 of 29
give an example of a pivot joint
neck
15 of 29
increasing the angle between the bones of a joint
extension
16 of 29
decreasing the angle between the bones of a joint
flexion
17 of 29
increasing the angle between the bones of a joint between 180 degrees
hyperextension
18 of 29
group of muscles at back of hip that causes extension and hyperextension of the hip joint
gluteals
19 of 29
group of muscles at the back of the thigh that causes flexion of the knee joint
hamstrings
20 of 29
group of muscles that cause knee extension
quadriceps
21 of 29
action of pointing toes, increasing angle between tibia and foot
plantar flexion
22 of 29
muscle in the calf that causes plantar flexion
gastrocnemius
23 of 29
period when leg bends to return to he front of the body ready for the drive phase
recovery phase
24 of 29
decreased angle between foot and tibia; action of pulling toes up to the skin, caused by tibialis anterior
dorsiflexion
25 of 29
muscle in front of lower leg that causes dorsi flexion
tabialis anterior
26 of 29
first class lever
head moves forwards and back ontop of neck OR during extension when tricep is the agonist. Fulcrum (triangle) is between the effort (arrow) and the load (square)
27 of 29
second class lever
found in the foot, bones of the foot act as a lever, the ball of the foot acting as the fulcrum and the gastrocnemius as the fulcrum. the resistance is in the middle with the fulcrum on the left and the effort on the right.
28 of 29
third class lever
found at most joints, the effort is in the middle with the resistance on the left and the fulcrum on the right.
29 of 29
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what is an agonist or prime mover?
Back
muscle or muscle group whose action is mainly responsible for producing a given motion
Card 3
Front
what is an antagonist?
Back
Card 4
Front
muscles that stabilise a joint to prevent unwanted movement
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