What is the cardiovascular system otherwise known as?
The circulatory system
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What does the circulatory system consist of?
Blood, blood vessels and the heart
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The CV system is the body's main what?
Transport system
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Finish this energy equation: O2 + _______ --> ___ + H2O + ______
O2 + Glucose-->CO2 + H2O + Energy
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Name the 2 waste products of the body
Carbon dioxide and urea
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What does blood provide cells with?
Fuel and oxygen
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What does the arteries do? And what are the characteristics of it?
It carries oxygenated blood AWAY from the heart and it has a thick, elastic, muscular wall.
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What is the main artery called?
The aorta
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What does the veins do and what are the characteristics of it?
They have a thinner and less muscular wall than arteries. The blood is under a lower pressure. The veins carries deoxygenated blood to the heart.
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What are the capillaries and what are the characteristics of it?
The capillaries are 1 cell thick. They exchange nutrients and respiratory gases accros their surface.
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Name the different chambers of the heart. Why is one side of the heart thicker than the other one?
The left and right aortas and the left and right ventricles. The left side of the heart is thicker because it needs to pump the oxygenated blood to the rest of the body so therefore, it needs a lot of muscle to do that.
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What is a double circulatory system?
A double circulatory system is where one circuit links the heart and the lungs together and the other circuit links the heart with the rest of the body.
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How is oxygen supplied to the muscles?
It is supplied via red blood cells. The red blood cells carry haemoglobin which binds with oxygen as the blood cells pass through the blood vessels of the lungs. The oxygen gets dropped off for the cells via diffusion
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What is high blood pressure and how can it be reduced?
It is when the blood pressure in the arteries is high. It can be reduced by loosing weight, drinking less caffeine, eating low salt and a balanced diet.
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What does CHD stand for, what is it and how can it be reduced?
Coronary heart disease. It is the blockage of the coronary arteries caused by the build up of cholesterol and fatty deposits on the inner walls of the arteries. It can be reduced by balanced diet, healthy weight, no smoking, reducing alcohol,b active
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Name 4 short term affects of exercise
Your heart rate increases, your stroke volume increases, blood pressure increases, adrenaline increases, blood flow increases, increased blood shunting to the muscles, cardiac output increases (based on heart rate)
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Name 4 long term affects of exercise
Your resting heart rate decreases (heart bigger+stronger), resting rate increases (fitter person=recover quicker), cardiac output stays the same (at rest), stroke volume increases (bigger heart=more blood pushed round=more oxygen=less strokes)
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What is the cardiac output equation?
Cardiac output = Heart rate X Stroke volume
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Name the 2 types of blood pressure
Systolic and diastolic
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What is the difference between systolic and diastolic?
Systolic is the pressure forcing blood around the body and diastolic is when the heart relaxes
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Complete this: HDL carries ___________ to the _____ and removes it from the ____
HDL carries CHOLESTEROL to the LIVER and removes it from the BODY
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LDL can lead to a _____ __ __ ______ which can restrict _____ ____. This can cause ____ _____ ________.
LDL can lead to a BUILD UP OF CHOLESTEROL which can restrict BLOOD FLOW. This can cause HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE.
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What does HDL and LDL stand for?
HDL=High density lipoproteins and LDL=Low density lipoproteins
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Name 2 characteristics of both
HDL= good cholesterol, rich in fruits, contains more proteins, carries cholesterol away from the liver LDL=bad cholesterol, contains less proteins
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Why is rest essential to recovery?
To allow the body to adapt.
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What does rest allow to occur?
Allows the heart to grow in size and thickness. It also allows the number of capillaries to increase.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What does the circulatory system consist of?
Back
Blood, blood vessels and the heart
Card 3
Front
The CV system is the body's main what?
Back
Card 4
Front
Finish this energy equation: O2 + _______ --> ___ + H2O + ______
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