Parasocial Relationships

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  • Created by: FatCat3
  • Created on: 09-02-23 10:04
what is a parasocial relationship?
refers to a one sided rs w celebrates, a famous person in the community or a fictional character, often a fan will know everything about the person and feel close to them despite there being no reciprocity
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what is the absorption addiction model and who suggested it?
where does this stem from?
McCutcheon suggested that ppl engage in celebrity worship to compensate for deficiencies in their life such as difficulty forming intimate rs, poor psychological adjustment and lack of of identity so forming a ps rs w a celebrity allows-
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them to have that fulfilment in life as for them, they celebrate with life and achievements of the celebrity together, increasing excitement
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if the first element of the model is absorption, what is the second element?
what does it involve?
addictiveness, relying on the fulfilment become addictive to a point where a person will engage in riskier activities ie stalking to get mentally and physically closer to the celebrity
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which psychologists took this further to develop 3 levels of a ps rs using CAS (celeb attitude survey)?
what method did they use, was it small or large?
Giles and Malthy
large case study
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what is the first stage of ps rs? explain the level
.Stage 1- entertainment-social level- suggests most ppl engage in ps rs at some point, but stay at the first level where celebs seen as entertainment and a topic of gossip w friends, its the least intense level of ps rs
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what is stage 2 of ps rs? explain the level
.Stage 2- intense- personal level- deeper level of ps rs, person more intense rs w celeb ie may see them as a soulmate + have a higher interest in celeb personal life ie dress sense, food they and environment they're in
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what is stage 3 of ps rs? explain the level
.Stage 3- borderline pathological level- most intense level, person takes celebebiry worship to extreme ie spends large sums of money to obtain souvenir memories, they may also engage in illegal activities ie stalking
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what may individuals feel if the meet their celeb?
they may feel that their feelings would be reciprocated
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how does the attachment model attempt to explain ps rs? name one way
Using Bowlby's theory of attachment, its explained by ie b's theory predicts that individuals who who didn't form a strong bond w primary caregiver in early childhood will find attachment substitute as children AND as adults, engaging in ps rs allows them
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name another way?
Ainsworth's strange situation found insecure resistant attachment type from early childhood will be more likely to form a PS rs as they are afraid of criticism or rejection in a real life rs, insecure resistant more clingy to mum, less explorative
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how was this supported by other psychologists?
Hazan and Shaver argued this behaviour translates to clingy/jealous behaviour in adulthood, making it difficult for ppl to be in a committed and lasting rs, celeb worship allows ppl to engage in perfect fantasy w/o rejection or heartbreak
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what other psychologists found info about ps rs in relation to media usage and attachment types?
Cole and Leets found ps rs that adolescents developed w tv personalities stemmed from an insecure resistant attachment types, therefore more likely to develop a ps rs then those with insecure avoidant or secure attachment type
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what is one piece of research into examining ps rs?
Greenwood+Long found that ppl develop ps rs as a way of dealing with a recent loss or loneliness so there is a link between loneliness and ps rs
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what is another piece of research into this?
Chory-Assad and Yanen failed to find any association between loneliness and ps rs
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what is another piece of research into this?
Kienlen et al supported the ideas that disturbed attachment in childhood may lead to development of ps rs as experiences of stalkers found 63% of pp experienced loss of caregiver in early childhood and 50% experienced abuse
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what is another piece of research into this?
McCutcheon
A- to investigate attachment theory explanation on ps rs
M- sample 299 students completed a Q (CAS) to see if the attachment type influenced a rs
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R- no association between attatchemnent type of ppl forming ps rs but those w insecure attachment type more likely to approve stalking type behaviours towards celebs
C- limited evidence to support PS theory (apart from i-r evidence)
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name the evaluation
+r.s Maltby linked types of personality levels to ps rs ie found extroverts more likely to be at entertainment level, neurotics (introverts) at BPL (+RWA he found young girls who had poor body image were more likely at more intense ps rs, this-
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-can help psychologists understand these disorders and help young girls receive treatments they need)
-purely correlational, cause and effect not established, use Maltbys study was an eh
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-heavily relies on self report methods that dont reflect accurate picture of reality as pp may demonstrate social desirability bias that that that puts them in a better right rather then telling truth, lacking internal validity
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what is the absorption addiction model and who suggested it?
where does this stem from?

Back

McCutcheon suggested that ppl engage in celebrity worship to compensate for deficiencies in their life such as difficulty forming intimate rs, poor psychological adjustment and lack of of identity so forming a ps rs w a celebrity allows-

Card 3

Front

continuing w previous card

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

if the first element of the model is absorption, what is the second element?
what does it involve?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

which psychologists took this further to develop 3 levels of a ps rs using CAS (celeb attitude survey)?
what method did they use, was it small or large?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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