Collision of a particle and its anti-particle, the energy is converted to either photons or other new particles, typically electron/ positron collision. Must obey conservation laws.
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Positron
The electrons anti-particle, same mass but opposite charge, lepton number and spin.
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Antimatter
Each particle has an antiparticle of the same mass but opposite charge, spin and other relevant numbers.
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Lepton
Family of particles that includes electrons and the electron neutrino. Particles have lepton number +1 and anti-particles have lepton number -1. Lepton number is conserved in interactions
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Baryon
Made of three quarks such as the proton and neutron. Particles have baryon number +1 and anti-baryons have number -1.
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Fermion
Obey the Pauli exclusion principle. All particles have a property called spin, Fermions have ½ spin and cannot be in the same state. Particles with opposite spin such as electrons may have the same energy state.
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Boson
Have spin of + or – 1, they do not obey the Pauli exclusion principle.
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Electron scattering
Electron scattering is the process whereby an electron is deflected from its original trajectory.
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Inelastic scattering
Collisions in which kinetic energy is conserved.
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Energy-mass conservation
Energy and mass are interchangeable, energy and mass may not be conserved separately but the overall energy- mass of the system is conserved.
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Nucleon
Particle contained in the nucleus.
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Mass number
The mass of the atom, the sum of proton and neutron numbers.
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Atomic number
The number of protons found in the nucleus.
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Isotope
Atoms may have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons, therefore the same element but with different mass.
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Quark
Fundamental particle which interacts via the four fundamental forces of nature. There are six varieties of quarks(and six anti-quarks), which together with leptons make up all matter.
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Gluon
The exchange particle that interacts between quarks, exchange particle of the strong force. Gluons have three charges called colour. All particles that are made of quarks are colourless.
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Hadron
Particles that interact via the strong force e.g. protons and neutrons.
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Card 2
Front
Positron
Back
The electrons anti-particle, same mass but opposite charge, lepton number and spin.
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