Nursing

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  • Created by: Jemjewel
  • Created on: 08-09-19 17:28
Normal ABG range PH
PH: 7.35-7.45
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Normal ABG range pO2
pO2: 10-14kPa
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Normal ABG range pCO2
pCO2: 4.5-6kPa
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Normal ABG range Base Excess (BE)
Base excess (BE): -2-2mmol/l
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Normal ABG range HCO3
HCO3: 22-26mmol/l
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Respiratory Alkalosis
>PH and
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Respiratory Acidosis
PaCo2
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Metabolic Alkalosis
>PH and PaCo2 = Normal
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Normal Adult Blood Ranges- Potassium (K)
3.5-5.0 mmols/l
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Normal Adult Blood Ranges- Sodium (Na)
135-145 mmols/l
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Normal Adult Blood Ranges- Haemoglobin (Hb)
12-16g/dl- female, 14-18g/dl- male
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Normal Adult Blood Ranges- WBC count
5,000- 10,000
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Normal Adult Blood Ranges- Creatnine
70-120 ummol/l (micromol)
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Normal Adult Blood Ranges- Urea
3.0-9.0 mmols/l
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Urine output?
0.5ml/kg/hr (so half their bodyweight in kg)
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Cardiac output equation?
SVxHR=CO
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MAP equation?
2x Diastolic (lower figure) +systolic (top figure), then divided by 3 = MAP
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MAP Norms?
>65 mmHg min for adequate perfusion
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Reversible Cardiac arrest causes?
4ts TAMPONADE, TENSION PNUMOTHORAX, TOXINS, THROMBOSIS.
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Reversible Cardiac arrest causes?
4hs HYPOXIA, HYPOVOLEMIA, HYPOTHERMIA, HYPER/HYPO KALEMIA
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how to treat 4 T s
Tamponade= pull out fluid from around heart, Tension pnumothorax= needle in affected side, release the air. Toxins= give antidote. Thrombosis= PE or MI?, thrombolysis or chest compressions.
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how to treat 4 H s
Hypoxia= give o2.Hypovolemia= give IV crystalloid. Hypothermia = warm up at rate of 0.5-1oc/hr. Hypokalemia= give potassium infusion,hyperkalemia= give calcium gluconate and glucose.
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Blood culture bottle order?
aerobic first!! due to air in syringe!, anerobic 2nd
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MONA?
Morphine+anti emetic, o2-!5l NRB mask, Nitrates- vasodilation, Asprin- antiplatelet
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cardiac enzyme
tropinin- confirm CA
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Level 1 care?
patient at risk of deterioration, ward based care/community etc
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Level 2 care?
patient with single organ failure, HDU, high dependency
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Level 3 care?
patient with multi organ failure, ICU/Theatres etc, specialist units
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Adult blood volume?
70mls/kg
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nasal cannulae?
1-4L o2 delivers 24-40% o2
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simple face mask?
variable performance, delivers 40-60% o2
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high flow venturi mask?
delivers fixed amount on the valve, upto 60% is the highest. in % of 24/28/35/38/40/60.
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non rebreathe mask?
variable performance upwards of 60% o2, doesnt retain Co2 in mask due to holes on side.
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tracheotomy mask?
upto 60% o2 for trachys/ stomas
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stridor
partial airway obstruction
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crackles
air passing through fluid
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ronchi
gurgling
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wheezes
restricted air flow
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plural rub
rubbing together
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nasal pharangeal airway
size 6 female, size 7 male, little finger diameter
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head neck trauma?
dont use nasopharengeal
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hypoxia
lack of o2 in alvioli
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hypoxaemic
lack of o2 in bloodstream
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copd breathing mechanism?
response to breathe is caused by hypoxic drive- low levels of o2, not high levels of Co2
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normal breathing mechanism?
response to breathe is caused by high levels of Co2
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what causes adult respiratory distress syndrome? ARDS
high levels of o2
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Normal ABG range pO2

Back

pO2: 10-14kPa

Card 3

Front

Normal ABG range pCO2

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Normal ABG range Base Excess (BE)

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Normal ABG range HCO3

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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