Muscular physiology

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  • Created by: ez
  • Created on: 04-11-13 22:21
What is the most basic contractile unit of a muscle?
Sarcomere
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What is a group of muscle fibres called?
Fasciculus
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What membrane surrounds a muscle?
Epimysium
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What membrane surrounds each individual fasciculus?
Perimysium
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What membrane surrounds each individual muscle fibre?
Endomysium
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What connects muscle to bone?
Tendon
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What are the dark striations that appear on histological slides?
Z-discs
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What is the A-band?
The dark zone seen on histological specimens
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What is the I-band?
Area of thin actin filaments
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Which muscle cells are multinucleate?
Striated muscle only
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Where does the action potential run in a myofibril?
Into the T-Tubules
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What is the function of calsequestrin?
Prevents Calcium ions from leaving the sarcoplasmic reticulum
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What is the smallest unit of an actin filament?
G-Actin
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Which Troponin binds to the tropomyosin?
Troponin T
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What does Troponin I bind to?
The actin filament
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Which muscle type has the least developed sarcoplasmic reticulum?
Smooth muscle
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Which muscle type relies on Calcium-induced-Calcium release?
Cardiac muscle
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What is the function of myosin light chain kinase?
Phosphorylation of myosin light filament
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What is the function of calmodulin?
To bind to Ca2+ ions in smooth muscle, activating Myosin Kinase
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What effect does the sympathetic nervous system have on cardiac muscle?
Increases contractility
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What is the effect of speeding up the rate of conduction in heart tissue?
Dromotropism
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What is the effect of changing the heart rate by altering cardiac nerve activity or SA node rhythms?
Chronotropism
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What is the effect of altering the force of muscular contractions?
Inotropism
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What is isotropism dependent on?
Calcium ion levels
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is a group of muscle fibres called?

Back

Fasciculus

Card 3

Front

What membrane surrounds a muscle?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What membrane surrounds each individual fasciculus?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What membrane surrounds each individual muscle fibre?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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