Moral Development

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What are Piaget's stages of moral development?
Children made judgements about the relative naughtiness of two boys: one made a small stain on spilling ink. This followed his meddling despite being forbidden to go near the desk, the other made a large stain while cleaning away
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What did children age 7 and below do?
Judge the second to be more naughty apparently because of the scale of damage
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What did children above this age tended to judge?
the first to be more naughty, apparently because they weighed the boys intentions against the level of damage caused
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What were the younger children deemed?
Heteronomous stage
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what were the older children deemed?
Autonomous stage
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What did Kohlberg give his participants?
He gave his participants a moral dillema
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What was Kohlberg's first stage?
Punishment and obedience orientation, similar to Piaget's heteronomous stage. right and wrong is as defined by powerful authority figures
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What is second stage?
Instrumental mortality - something is right in so far as it satisfies a need
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What is the the third stage?
Interpersonal normative morality – A deed is deemed right in so far as it elicits a positive response from other people
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What is the fourth stage?
. Social system morality – An act is deemed right in so far as it lies within formally-stated laws
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What is the fifth stage?
Human rights and social welfare morality – An act is considered right in so far as it falls within rules that one would accept in an ideal world.
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What is the character of Kohlberg's stages?
The stages are supposed to be organised in a hierarchy – No possibility of regression – It isn’t possible to skip a stage
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What do people of high education or High IQ tend to be?
identified at one of the higher stages
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What do children who are effective in regulating their own emotions do?
tend to progress through the stages more rapidly than children who are not so effective in emotion regulation
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What do children who had parents that reasoned with them show?
more advanced moral reasoning at age 10
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What is the first factor that contributes to antisoical behaviour?
Style of parenting… autocratic, cold, harsh, inconsistent (Coie & Dodge, 199
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What is the second factor that contributes to antisocial behaviour?
Peer rejection leads to children to expect hostility from others, which primes them to behave aggressively in anticipation
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What is the tendency to attribute what?
Hostile intentions to others
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what is another factor that contributes to antisocial behaviour?
Tendency to judge aggressive behaviour to be acceptable (Delutz, 1983)
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What is the last two factors that contribute to antisocial behaviour?
Lack of emotional control (Caspi et al, 1995) – Identified at age 3 – correlated with antisocial behaviour at age 12, and identified by peers as being unreliable and untrustworthy at age 21,Neurological damage associated with Attention Deficit Disord
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What did 8 year olds who liked violent TV programmes rated as?
most aggressive
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What did the most aggressive children rate violent programmes as?
lifelike
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Watching violent programes at age 8 correlated with?
rating of aggression at age 19
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By watching violent programmes at ge 8 correlated with what antisocial behaviours at age 30?
– Dink-driving offences – Criminal convictions – Beating and bullying their spouse – Beating their children
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What did Liebert and barron study?
5- 9-yr old children either watched violent TV or a similarly exciting sporting event and then played without supervision. Those who watched violent TV were more aggressive and violent in their play
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What did Thomas et al study?
9 yr olds watched either violent or non-violent TV and then witnessed a staged fight between 2 other children. Those who watched the violent TV responded less emotionally, suggesting they had been de-sensitized
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Why does watching violent tv lead to increased aggression?
Imitation, bandura 1962,
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What else?
Desensitization to the danger of aggression and violence – Protagonists often don’t seem to suffer much in TV
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What else?
Heightens fear that the world is a dangerous place – leads them to behave aggressively in anticipation
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What did children age 7 and below do?

Back

Judge the second to be more naughty apparently because of the scale of damage

Card 3

Front

What did children above this age tended to judge?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What were the younger children deemed?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what were the older children deemed?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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