Materials AS + A2

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Properties of ABS
scratch resistant, lightweight, tough, strong, durable
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Properties of CA
transparent, rigid, strong, non-flammable, lightweight
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Properties of Nylon
tough, hard, resistant to wear, low co-efficient of friction
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Properties of PMMA
lightweight, hard, tough, durable, food-safe, easy to machine
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Properties of PP
food-safe, lightweight, tough [even at low temperatures], good chemical resistance
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Properties of HIPS
lightweight, good impact resistance, stiff, strong
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Properties of PS
lightweight, low impact resistance, rigid, colourless
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Properties of Expanded PS
good sound and thermal insulation, floats, low impact resistance
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Properties of LDPE
low stiffness, lightweight, low rigidity, good chemical resistance
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Properties of HDPE
high density, good chemical resistance, stiff
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Properties of uPVC
resistance to weathering, rigid, hard, tough, good chemical resistance, lightweight, colourable
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Properties of PVC [flexible, plasticised]
resistance to weathering, rigid, hard, tough, good chemical resistance, lightweight, colourable
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Properties of PET
moderate chemical resistance, very low permeability, colourless, lightweight and rigid [can also be used for food freezable and oven-safe containers if made 'crystallisable']
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Properties of PC
good chemical resistance, tough, rigid, non-flammable
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Properties of Epoxy Resin
strong when reinforced with GRP, good chemical resistance, good wear resistance, good insulator
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Melamine Formaldehyde
scratch resistant, rigid, hard, strong, colourable
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Polyester Resin
rigid, brittle, good heat and chemical resistance
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Urea Formaldehyde
rigid, hard, strong, brittle, heat resistant, good electrical insulator
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PHA + PHB
Biodegradable plastics formed by fermenting naturally occurring sugars using bacteria are PHAs [Polyhydroxyalkanoate], or Biopol, of which PHB [Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate] is the most common, as it is similar to PP. Great for medical + degrade in soil
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Renewable Biodegradable Plastics
Extracted from natural, sustainably managed resources, and are made from starch-based polymers i.e. wheat, corn, potatoes. Great for medical i.e. capsules for medicine
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PLA
Polylactides [PLAs] is a form of biodegradable plastic. Transparent and behaves like polypropylene and polyethylene so can be processed like this i.e. calendering
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Thermoplastic Elastomers [TPE]
Coils of hydrocarbon molecules, distort under compression, tension, torque forces. They can be processed like conventional plastics i.e. injection moulding, short cycle [no cross-links / electrostatic / covalent] need to form. Recyclable scrap too
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Fibre Reinforced Composite
Material made from resins and fibres. Includes concretes where fibres / rods have been added
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Fibre Reinforced Polymer
Combining a woven material and a polymer resin.
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FBP - Carbon Fibre [polyacrylonitrile filaments gradual up to 2000ºc = remove contaminants, long, carbon, strong strands left. Woven into matt [loosely woven fibres], forced into mould, impregnated with resin / RTV, heated to 170ºC = cross-links form
Woven carbon fibre + polyester [thermoset] resin. Rigid, lightweight:strength, resistant to corrosion, good fatigue resistance, low thermal expansion, equal strength, isotropic strength
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FBP - Glass-Reinforced Fibre
Spun glass, coated to aid resin bonding, covered in epoxy resin [50µm - 5µm].
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FBP - Glass-Reinforced Fibre - 'Laying Up'
Coat mould = releasing agent, gel-coat 1 mm thick [thixotropic = no run], coat with colour + catalyst [30 mins], coat with catalysed polyester / epoxy resin and cut up matt [stipple air], repeat 3x, surface tissue finish, 40min, trim, 24hr tip out
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FRP - Kevlar [only with resin though]
Aramid + aromatic fibres interwoven, 5 x strength of steel, strong H2 bonds, light, chemical resistance, low conductivity, shear-resistant, self-extinguishing. Wind sails, sports equipment, body armour, run flat tyres, factory work gloves
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FRP - Tufnols [cotton + resin] or Plastic laminates / Synthetic Resin Bonded Fabric
Low-friction and wear so good for gears, quieter.
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Particle Based Composites
consist solely of particles of two or more materials. High compression strength, stability, uniform [isotropic] structure = consistent strength, generally surface-defect free
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PBC - Concrete
Aggregate, sand, portland cement, water [after dry THOROUGHLY mixed]. Exothermic reaction, hardens once cast, harder over life. in-situ, readily available, can be fas, like stone.
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PBC - Cermets
Metal and Ceramic. High shock resistance, high temperatures, sharp cutting edges
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PBC - Tungsten Carbide
Tungsten Carbide [ceramic] + Cobalt [metal] - very sharp cutting edge, no need for resharpening, adhered to stainless steel through sintering. Brittle, hard, high-melting point. Hard to work with
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Sheet-Based Composites [Alu]
man-made boards combining two materials to form a sheet. ALU Composite 2 x 0.3 mm aluminium sheets laminated with a tough, polythene core. Cut, drilled, bent, milled and polythene core NOT distorted. Rigid, good sound & thermal insulation + strength
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Properties of CA

Back

transparent, rigid, strong, non-flammable, lightweight

Card 3

Front

Properties of Nylon

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Properties of PMMA

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Properties of PP

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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