Management of Natural Increase

Created by: Max Oscar
Created on: 09-03-22 23:08

What was the problem in China?

- Fast Growing, Youthful population - Birth Rate 45/1000 in late 1960's
- Large population size - Over 800 million in 1979
- Large rural (poor) population
- Food shortages
- High Birth Rate encouraged in 1950's because of industrialisation "Great Leap For

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Why was China's population growing so quickly?

1958 - Births encouraged: Great Leap Forward
1966-1971 - Birth control abandoned: Cultural Revolution
800 million population = Large base to multiply from (urgency of change)

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What was China's One Child Policy?

Began in 1979 - government panic due to Malthus viewpoint
- To reduce population to optimum 700 million by 2080
- 1 child per family
- Increase in abortions & sterilisations

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How has One Child Policy changed?

2001 - couples in rural areas can have 2 children if 1st was girl
2013 - couples have 2 children if both parents single children
2015 - All couples can have 2 children
2021 - All couples can have 3 children
Changes due to aging population leading to rural

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Successes of One Child Policy

- Prevented 400 million births as fertility rate decreased from 2.7 to 1.4
- Slowing Natural Increase has helped increase quality of life (access to education, healthcare) due to less demand
- Environmental as 200 million tonnes less of CO2 into the atmos

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Failures of One Child Policy

- Abuse of human rights - forced abortions & sterilisations
- Sex Selective Abortions (boys preferred over girls) led to gender imbalance - 30 million more men than women
- Smaller Families = Less family based care of elderly relatives = increased cost of

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Evaluation of One Child Policy

- China has scrapped One Child Policy - Now parents can have more than 1
- At the time, did lessen risk of overpopulation but GDP growth could have supported them
- Aging population - One Child Policy worked in short term but long term costs
- Gender imba

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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Why was China's population growing so quickly?

Back

1958 - Births encouraged: Great Leap Forward
1966-1971 - Birth control abandoned: Cultural Revolution
800 million population = Large base to multiply from (urgency of change)

Card 3

Front

What was China's One Child Policy?

Back

Card 4

Front

How has One Child Policy changed?

Back

Card 5

Front

Successes of One Child Policy

Back

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Management of Natural Increase