Land and waste
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- Created by: AdamMather
- Created on: 27-04-23 00:53
Uses of land - Rural/undeveloped
Impacts of changing land use from undeveloped to agriculture and forestry e.g diffuse water pollution, soil erosion, flooding and drought, climate change and impacts on weather patterns. Reforestation - advantages and unintended consequences
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Uses of land - residential development
Increased rate in run-off (Paved and roofed areas etc) to rivers increases risk of flooding and urban source diffuse water pollution.
Impacts of road traffic on air quality.
Impact of traffic and distances on mode of transport and consequences on health
Impacts of road traffic on air quality.
Impact of traffic and distances on mode of transport and consequences on health
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Business and industrial development
Short term risk of pollution to air and water
Long term risk of contamination of land from industrial processes - LOVE CANAL
Long term risk of contamination of land from industrial processes - LOVE CANAL
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Planning of development challenges - rural/undeveloped
Reduction in biodiversity
Population increases and economic growth turning undeveloped land e.g rainforest into agricultural with significant proportions turned into grazing land
Historically smaller fields have been enlarged by removing hedgerows to acco
Population increases and economic growth turning undeveloped land e.g rainforest into agricultural with significant proportions turned into grazing land
Historically smaller fields have been enlarged by removing hedgerows to acco
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Planning of development challenges - residential developments
Creation of new settlements and extending size of existing settlements to accommodate increasing populations - increased demand of infrastructure - sewerage, waste management, roads
Access to green spaces and bodies of water
Access to green spaces and bodies of water
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Planning of development challenges - Business and industrial development
Encourage development on brown-field sites - ones previously used for developments to minimise developments on greenfield or undeveloped sites
Transport needs for raw materials, products, waste, energy supply and impacts on environment
Infrastructure supp
Transport needs for raw materials, products, waste, energy supply and impacts on environment
Infrastructure supp
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Modern challenges in waste management - general
Complex products made from many materials
Electrical equipment with hazardous and valuable substances
Separating materials to aid recycling
Electrical equipment with hazardous and valuable substances
Separating materials to aid recycling
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Modern challenges in waste management - IOM
Cost of processing and recycling may not be viable due to small scale
Limited manufacturing and distribution of production on island - more goods imported requiring packaging which becomes waste
Cost/legislation issues exporting waste to process
Lack of e
Limited manufacturing and distribution of production on island - more goods imported requiring packaging which becomes waste
Cost/legislation issues exporting waste to process
Lack of e
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Modern challenges in waste management - interface with environment
Use of hazardous materials and safely disposing of these to prevent escape into the environment
Transportation and generating air pollution to facilitate this
Leaching of hazardous liquids into water supplies
Production of flammable or explosive gases in
Transportation and generating air pollution to facilitate this
Leaching of hazardous liquids into water supplies
Production of flammable or explosive gases in
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Health hazards - waste - biological
Food waste rotting - moulds, unpleasant smells, produces methane and CO2
Vermin attracted to food waste - potentially carrying disease
Clinical waste containing pathogens
Sanitary solid waste contaminated with bodily fluids
Vermin attracted to food waste - potentially carrying disease
Clinical waste containing pathogens
Sanitary solid waste contaminated with bodily fluids
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Health hazards - waste - chemical
Heavy metals
Organic solvents and oils
'forever' chemicals that do not decompose
PFA's e.g non stick coatings
Plastic waste can release toxins
Pesticides and herbicides
PCB's
Asbestos
Organic solvents and oils
'forever' chemicals that do not decompose
PFA's e.g non stick coatings
Plastic waste can release toxins
Pesticides and herbicides
PCB's
Asbestos
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Heath hazards - waste - physical
Sharps - glass, needles
Radioactive waste from power stations and clinical sources
Explosion risk from compressed gases, unexploded weapons and fireworks
Risk of injury from moving/falling heavy waste - appliances/vehicles, or machinery handling waste
Radioactive waste from power stations and clinical sources
Explosion risk from compressed gases, unexploded weapons and fireworks
Risk of injury from moving/falling heavy waste - appliances/vehicles, or machinery handling waste
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Causes of hazards - waste
Waste and refuse awaiting collection
Transport of waste - using large machinery (physical harm and air pollution)
Incineration can cause air pollution
Landfill sites can lead to air pollution through decomposition - contributes to global warming
Transport of waste - using large machinery (physical harm and air pollution)
Incineration can cause air pollution
Landfill sites can lead to air pollution through decomposition - contributes to global warming
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Causes of hazards - land use
Brownfield sites containing residual hazardous waste needs decontaminating or clearing for safe development - LOVE CANAL
Clearing previously undeveloped land can put humans into closer to organisms causing disease
Urban planning - encouraging active trave
Clearing previously undeveloped land can put humans into closer to organisms causing disease
Urban planning - encouraging active trave
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Occupations involved in dealing with land-based issues
Refuse collection
Pest control
Construction trades
Health care
Cleaning staff
Pest control
Construction trades
Health care
Cleaning staff
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Potential actions to reduce pollution
Remove pollution from brownfield sites to make them safe to build on
Waste management - reduce, reuse, recycle to minimise waste
Bans on chemicals to reduce risk of being released into waste
Reduction of single use plastics
Regulations on radioactive wast
Waste management - reduce, reuse, recycle to minimise waste
Bans on chemicals to reduce risk of being released into waste
Reduction of single use plastics
Regulations on radioactive wast
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Impacts of pollution on health - range of conditions affected
Transmissible disease - clinical waste or pests
Air pollution - respiratory diseases from decomposition
Water pollution - leaching chemicals into water supply
Contamination from waste on soil and crops
Radiation sickness
Occupational health risks from wor
Air pollution - respiratory diseases from decomposition
Water pollution - leaching chemicals into water supply
Contamination from waste on soil and crops
Radiation sickness
Occupational health risks from wor
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Depth of issues linked to health conditions
Can be acute or chronic dependent on exposure
Can be localised to individuals or widespread in populations
Can be localised to individuals or widespread in populations
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Relevant legislation and regulations
Environmental protection act 1990, Waste electrical & electronic equipment directive (WEEE, 2007), Public health act 1990, Town & Country planning act 1999
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Case studies
IOM UNESCO biosphere status - ban on single use plastics
Love Canal disaster
Radiation - Chernobyl
Love Canal disaster
Radiation - Chernobyl
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Uses of land - residential development
Back
Increased rate in run-off (Paved and roofed areas etc) to rivers increases risk of flooding and urban source diffuse water pollution.
Impacts of road traffic on air quality.
Impact of traffic and distances on mode of transport and consequences on health
Impacts of road traffic on air quality.
Impact of traffic and distances on mode of transport and consequences on health
Card 3
Front
Business and industrial development
Back
Card 4
Front
Planning of development challenges - rural/undeveloped
Back
Card 5
Front
Planning of development challenges - residential developments
Back
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