Kidney Physiology
0.0 / 5
- Created by: une-meduse
- Created on: 13-04-14 21:16
The kidneys consume ___% of all oxygen used by the body at rest
20-30
1 of 35
Glomerular filtration occurs when _______ forces fluids and solutes through a membrane
Hydrostatic pressuse
2 of 35
The filtration membrane lies between the blood and the interior of the ______________
Glomerular capsule
3 of 35
The filtration membrane has __ layers
3
4 of 35
The capillary endothelium is in between the blood capillary and the ____________
Basement membrane
5 of 35
The ______ lies between the other two layers of the filtration membrane and is composed of basal laminae
Basement membrane
6 of 35
The foot processes make up the _________ layer, they have fenestrations that prevent any escaped macromolecules from passing further
Visceral layer
7 of 35
Molecules larger than 5nm are usually _________
Stopped from entering the filtrate
8 of 35
_________ that get caught in the filtration membrane are engulfed by mesangial cells
Marcomolecules
9 of 35
The pressure in the glomerulus is _______ at 55mm Hg compared to 26mm Hg normally
High
10 of 35
Outward pressures promote __________
Filtrate formation
11 of 35
Inward pressures ______ filtrate formation by opposing hydrostatic pressure in the capsular space
Inhibit
12 of 35
The colloid osmotic pressure in glomerular capillaries is the pressure exerted by the proteins in the blood this ______ filtrate formation
Inhibits
13 of 35
The net filtration pressure is determined by ____________
Hydrostatic pressure in the capsular space, the colloid osmotic pressure in glomerular capillaries and the hydrostatic pressure in the glomerular capillaries
14 of 35
_________ is the volume of filtrate formed each minute by the combined activity of all 2 million glomeruli of the kidney
The glomerular filtration rate
15 of 35
The _________ is directly proportional to each of the following factors: net filtration rate, total surface area for filtration, filtration membrane permeability
Glomerular filtration rate
16 of 35
Kidneys need to maintain extracellular homeostasis and also maintain blood pressure, therefore __________ is tightly regulated
Glomerular filtration rate
17 of 35
Hydrostatic pressure must be tightly regulated in the kidney becuse if it rises, NEP rises and therefore ___________ rises
GFR
18 of 35
Intrinsic regulation is renal autoregulation, this is achieved thorough the myogenic mechanism and ___________________
Tubular feedback mechanism
19 of 35
They myogenic mechanism reflects vascular smooth muscle, if blood pressure rises, the _________ arteriole constricts to reduce the blood flow entering the glomerulus
Afferent
20 of 35
The tubuloglomerular feedbacl mechanism constricts the afferent arteriole when the NaCl concentrations are high, which ____________
Allows more time for reabsorbtion
21 of 35
Autoregulatory mechanisms maintain a relatively constant GFR over ____________
Arterial pressure ranges
22 of 35
Tubular reabsorption starts as soon as the filtrate enters
The proximal tubule
23 of 35
Reabsorbed substances follow either the transcellular or ________ route
Paracellular
24 of 35
In the ___________ route, the substances move through the apical membrane, cytosol, basolateral membrane and then the endothelium of the peritubular capillaries
Transcellular
25 of 35
In the _________ route, the substances move between the tubular cells
Paracellular
26 of 35
There is a transport maximum, once this is reached _____________
The excess is excreted
27 of 35
Antidiuretic hormone inserts aquaporins into the collecting duct, when overhydrated, ADH is decreased and therefore the collecting ducts are impermeable to water, thus _________
Less water reabsorbed
28 of 35
Aldosterone fine tunes reabsorption of the remaining Na, this role is to increase blood volume and pressure - this occurs because ___________
Water follows Na
29 of 35
Aldosterone increases Na in the blood and __________ K
Reduces
30 of 35
Atrial natriuretic peptide is contrasting to aldosterone therefore ________
Reduces blood volume and pressure
31 of 35
Parathyroid hormone acts primarily on the _________ and increases the reabsorbtion of Ca2+
Distal convolututed tubule
32 of 35
Micturition means
Urination
33 of 35
______ is known as a countercurrent multiplier
Loop of henle
34 of 35
Sodium pumped out of ascending limb of loop of henle, water diffuses out of ____________
Descending limb
35 of 35
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Glomerular filtration occurs when _______ forces fluids and solutes through a membrane
Back
Hydrostatic pressuse
Card 3
Front
The filtration membrane lies between the blood and the interior of the ______________
Back
Card 4
Front
The filtration membrane has __ layers
Back
Card 5
Front
The capillary endothelium is in between the blood capillary and the ____________
Back
Related discussions on The Student Room
- Anatomy and Physiology of Cats and Dogs »
- Btec applied science unit 5 January 2024 »
- HELP! Blood plasma question! »
- Which of the following organs of the body are likely to be affected by ADR »
- Biology edexcel igcse paper 2 »
- biology question alevel »
- Really conscious about my health »
- Medic mentor virtual work experience »
- Why is it that after drinking a bottle of water I don't urinate much? »
- British food hurt/heal game! »
Similar Biology resources:
0.0 / 5
3.0 / 5 based on 2 ratings
2.0 / 5 based on 1 rating
0.0 / 5
0.0 / 5
2.5 / 5 based on 2 ratings
3.0 / 5 based on 1 rating
0.0 / 5
0.0 / 5
Comments
No comments have yet been made