Kennedy's Foreign policies

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Berlin Wall Crisis
Between 1949 and 1958, over 2 million East Germans fled to West Germany, usually via Berlin. Khrushchev worried that West Berlin was a Western centre of espionage and propaganda. In August 1961, East Germans sealed off their 100 mile frontier with West B
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Significance of the Berlin Wall Crisis
It stopped East Germans escaping, brought a stability to Germany and Berlin since the demarcations were clearly drawn, increased West German antagonism and anxiety, increased Cold War tensions, possibly encouraged Khrushchev's adventurism in Cuba
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The challenge of Castro
In January 1959, left-wing Fidel Castro overthrew the pro-American Cuban dictator Batista. Castro criticised America's economic stranglehold over Cuba and threatened American property there. Kennedy inherited increasingly tense US-Cuban relations
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Bay of Pigs Fiasco
Kennedy backed a CIA-supported invasion by Cuban exiles. He received warnings against the invasion of Cuba from many quarters, but went ahead with it because: he believed it may become the next Cold War arena, the plan had been endorsed by a military-hero
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Bay of Pigs Fiasco (2)
In April 1961, 1600 Cuban guerrillas landed at the Bay of Pigs, but the invasion was a disaster because: Castro had been forewarned, they landed miles away from the mountains to which they were supposed to flee if they needed, Castro was very popular in t
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Significance of the Bay of Pigs Fiasco
The exiles were either captured or killed, Kennedy suffered worldwide humiliation, it pushed Castro closer to the Soviets - he announced he was a Communist. Khrushchev concluded that Kennedy was a soft touch, so bullied him at Vienna, erected the Berlin W
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The Cuban Missile Crisis
Khrushchev had missiles installed in Cuba because: he resented the US missiles being in Turkey and pointing at the USSR, he wanted to impress critics at home and in China, and he had got away with constructing the Berlin Wall so assumed he could get away
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The Cuban Missile Crisis (2)
Kennedy chose to respond with a naval blockade, which would prevent any more Soviet vessels getting more men and materials to Cuba. Initially the blockade line was 800 miles, then decreased to 500 to give Khrushchev more time to think, and he eventually b
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Significance of the Cuban Missile Crisis
Khrushchev saw that USA had nuclear and naval superiority and were prepared for war, and it resulted in the first treaty attempting to put a brake on nuclear arms testing: the Partial Nuclear test ban Treaty, August 1963
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Escalation in Vietnam
By Kennedy's death in 1962, American advisors in Vietnam had risen from 1000 to 17,000, many of whom were involved in combat: e.g. the Battle of Ap Bac in 1963. As Communism grew stronger in South Vietnam, Kennedy was forced to increase his involvement or
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

It stopped East Germans escaping, brought a stability to Germany and Berlin since the demarcations were clearly drawn, increased West German antagonism and anxiety, increased Cold War tensions, possibly encouraged Khrushchev's adventurism in Cuba

Back

Significance of the Berlin Wall Crisis

Card 3

Front

In January 1959, left-wing Fidel Castro overthrew the pro-American Cuban dictator Batista. Castro criticised America's economic stranglehold over Cuba and threatened American property there. Kennedy inherited increasingly tense US-Cuban relations

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Kennedy backed a CIA-supported invasion by Cuban exiles. He received warnings against the invasion of Cuba from many quarters, but went ahead with it because: he believed it may become the next Cold War arena, the plan had been endorsed by a military-hero

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

In April 1961, 1600 Cuban guerrillas landed at the Bay of Pigs, but the invasion was a disaster because: Castro had been forewarned, they landed miles away from the mountains to which they were supposed to flee if they needed, Castro was very popular in t

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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