Immunology Vocabulary 6

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  • Created by: John
  • Created on: 16-03-13 13:43
active immunity
Immunity developed by an individual in response to exposure to an antigen, leading to production of antibody, effector cells, and memory cells.
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agammaglobulinemia (also hypogammaglobulinemia)
A deficiency of all major classes of serum immunoglobulins.
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anaphylaxis
A reaction of immediate hypersensitivity present in nearly all vertebrates which results from sensitization of tissue-fixed mast cells by cytotropic antibodies following exposure to antigen.
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atopy
A genetically determined abnormal state of hypersensitivity as distinguished from hypersensitivity responses in normal individuals, which are not genetically determined.
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autoimmunity
Immunity to self antigens.
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Chediak-Higashi syndrome
A hereditary disease involving a lysosomal defect in phagocytes, causing ineffective lysis of bacteria following phagocytosis.
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deficiency disease
A disease where either a component is absent or nonfunctional.
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desensitization
A process whereby an individual is immunized with specific antigens in such a way as to promote the development of blocking antibodies, which in turn will reduce a hypersensitivity reaction to those antigens.
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DiGeorge syndrome
Congenital thymic aplasia, resulting in severe T cell deficiency.
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erythroblastosis fetalis
Hemolytic anemia of the newborn caused by transplacental transmission of maternal antibodies, usually secondary to an Rh incompatibility in a prior pregnancy.
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Goodpasture's syndrome
An autoimmune disease involving primarily antibodies to basement membranes, leading to glomerularnephritis and pulmonary hemorrhage.
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granuloma
A mass of granulation tissue consisting of phagocytic cells, among other things, often the result of persistent inflammation caused by a pathogen.
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graft versus host disease (also GVH)
Clinical and pathologic sequelae of the reactions of immunocompetent cells in a graft against the cells of the histoincompatible and immunodeficient recipient.
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Hashimoto's thyroiditis
An autoimmune disease involving antibodies to thyroglobulin and to microsomal antigens.
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Hodgkin's disease
A malignant lymphoma of a mixed cell type, frequently leading to defects in cellular immunity.
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hypersensitivity
A state of reactivity with characteristic symptoms to certain substances (allergens) in amounts innocuous to normal individuals.
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iatrogenic diseases
Diseases resulting from a therapeutic treatment by a physician or surgeon.
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immune complexes
Antigen-antibody complexes.
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opportunistic pathogens
Organisms which normally do not cause disease, but do so when an individual is immune compromised.
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passive immunity
Transfer of preformed antibodies or cells from an immune host to a second non-immune individual; does not confer lasting protection.
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reagin
Archaic term for IgE
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rheumatoid factor
Auto-antibody specific for IgG, found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatoid diseases.
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serum sickness
An adverse immunologic response to a foreign antigen, frequently a heterologous protein, resulting in immune complexes diffusing into involved tissues and activating complement.
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severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)
A hereditary disease in which both cellular and humoral immunity fails to develop, thought to be a defect at the stem cell to T and B cell development stage.
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systemic anaphylaxis
A generalized shock reaction to an allergen resulting in respiratory distress, gastrointestinal upset, hypotension, and often skin rash.
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systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE)
An autoimmune disease characterized by anti-nuclear antibodies leading to multiple organ involvement.
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tolerance
The specific absence of an immune response to an antigen.
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thymic aplasia
Lacking a thymus.
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thymic dysplasia
Abnormal or defective thymus.
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type I hypersensitivity
IgE mediated, involves triggering of mast cells which release a variety of compounds including histamine and slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A).
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type II hypersensitivity
IgG or IgM mediated, involves activating complement and cell lysis.
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type III hypersensitivity
IgG or IgM mediated, involves immune complexes activating complement and inflammation reactions brought on particularly by neutrophils.
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type IV hypersensitivity
Sensitized T cells, usually Tdth, react to antigen, producing inflammation through the action of lymphokines.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

A deficiency of all major classes of serum immunoglobulins.

Back

agammaglobulinemia (also hypogammaglobulinemia)

Card 3

Front

A reaction of immediate hypersensitivity present in nearly all vertebrates which results from sensitization of tissue-fixed mast cells by cytotropic antibodies following exposure to antigen.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

A genetically determined abnormal state of hypersensitivity as distinguished from hypersensitivity responses in normal individuals, which are not genetically determined.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Immunity to self antigens.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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