A molecule that triggers an immune response by lymphocytes.
Antigen
4 of 25
Type of white blood cell responsible for the immune response. They become activated in the presence of antigens
Lymphocyte
5 of 25
Type of white blood cell which carries out a non-specific immune response and ingests and breaks down pathogens by phagocytosis.
Phagocyte
6 of 25
Mechanism by which phagocytes engulf particles to form a vesicle or a vacuole.
Phagocytosis
7 of 25
Contain enzymes called lysozymes which they release into the phagosome which hydrolyse the bacterium.
Lysosome
8 of 25
A vesicle formed as the bacterium is engulfed by the phagocyte.
phagosome
9 of 25
e.g. phagocyte displays foreign antigens on their own cell-surface membrane
antigen-presentation
10 of 25
The type of response when T lymphocytes respond to antigens that are presented on a body cell.
cell-mediated immunity
11 of 25
Cells which mature in the thymus and are associated with cell-mediated immunity.
T-cells
12 of 25
As the receptor on a helper T cell attaches to the antigen this activates the T cell to divide rapidly by mitosis and form a clone of genetically identical cells
conal selection
13 of 25
Contain receptors which respond to a single antigen.
helper T-cells
14 of 25
Kill abnormal cells and body cells that are infected by pathogens by producing a protein called perforin which makes holes in the cell-surface membrane.
cytotoxic T-cells
15 of 25
The type of response which involves B lymphocytes and antibodies
humoral immunity
16 of 25
cell produces a specific antibody that responds to one specific antigen
B cell
17 of 25
When the B cell is activated to divide by mitosis it gives a clone of plasma cells which produce and secrete the specific antibody that exactly fits the antigen on the pathogen’s surface
plasma B cells
18 of 25
A protein with specific binding sites produced by B cells in response to the presence of appropriate antigen.
Antibody
19 of 25
memory cells which can respond to future infections by the same pathogen by dividing rapidly and developing into plasma cells that produce antibodies as part of the secondary response.
memory B cells
20 of 25
Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells
monoclonal antibodies
21 of 25
Caused by initial response to the antigen which involves the production of antibodies and memory cells.
primary response
22 of 25
Caused by second exposure to the antigen. Memory cells are responsible for this response – they divide rapidly and develop into plasma cells (which secrete many antibodies quickly) and more memory cells.
secondary response
23 of 25
Resistance to disease that is acquired from the introduction of antibodies from another individual, rather than an individual’s own immune system
passive immunity
24 of 25
Resistance to disease resulting from the activities of an individual’s own immune system whereby an antigen induces plasma cells to produce antibodies.
active immunity
25 of 25
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The body’s own cells and molecules
Back
self
Card 3
Front
Not your own body’s cells and molecules.
Back
Card 4
Front
A molecule that triggers an immune response by lymphocytes.
Back
Card 5
Front
Type of white blood cell responsible for the immune response. They become activated in the presence of antigens
Comments
No comments have yet been made