ICT REVISION - TOPIC 1 - WORD MEANINGS.

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Define the word DATA.
• Data consists on raw facts and figures (e.g. readings from a sensor or survey facts ect.) • These raw facts and figures are meaningless because they lack relevance. • If you look at data, it is either no use to you or not in a form that you can use
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What is INFORMATION?
Data processed by the computer.
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PROCESSED can mean?...
Having calculations performed on it. Converted to give it meaning. Organised in some way (putting it into numerical order, alphabetical order, into database structure ect.)
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What does PROCESSED & INFORMATION mean when used together?
Information is data that has been processed in some way to give it context, meaning or relevance. For example, sorting a list of names into alphabetical order.
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What is KNOWLEDGE?
Obtained from information by applying rules to it.
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What does GIGO stand for?
Garbage In Garbage Out
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What does GIGO mean?
This means if you enter incorrect data into the computer then the output from the computer will also be incorrect.
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Define the term DATA VALIDATION.
Validation is a check performed by a computer programme during data entry, it ensures the data is sensible and reasonable.
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What is mean by DATA VALIDATION?
Validation is performed by the computer programme being used and consists of a series of checks called VALIDATION CHECKS.
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What are VALIDATION CHECKS?
Validation checks are used to restrict the user as to the data they can enter. There are many different validation checks each with their own special use.
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What VALIDATION CHECKS can you get?
DATA TYPE CHECKS - Check that the data type being entered is the same data type as that entered for that field. PRESENCE CHECKS - To check that a field has been entered.
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What VALIDATION CHECKS can you get? (contiued..)
RANGE CHECKS - Are performed on numbers to check that a number being entered is with a certain range. FORMAT CHECKS - To make sure they meet set criteria.
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What does DATA VERIFICATION mean?
Checking that the data being entered in to the ICT system perfectly matches the source of the data.
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What methods of VERIFICATION can you get?
VISUAL CHECK/PROOF READING - This involves one user carefully reading what they have typed in and comparing it with what is on the data source (order forms, application form ect.) For any errors which require correcting.
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What methods of VERIFICATION can you get? (continued...)
DOUBLE ENTRY OF DATA - Using the same data source to enter the details into the ICT system twice and only when the two sets of data are identical will they be accepted for processing.
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What methods of VERIFICATION can you get (continued...)
PARITY CHECKING - Involves checking data after it has been sent through a wire or wirelessly. These check that the data has not been corrupted in any way.
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What do you NEED to remember when it comes to VERIFICATION & VALIDATION?..
VERIFICATION IS DONE BY A HUMAN. ------- VALIDATION IS DONE BY A COMPUTER
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Data processed by the computer.

Back

What is INFORMATION?

Card 3

Front

Having calculations performed on it. Converted to give it meaning. Organised in some way (putting it into numerical order, alphabetical order, into database structure ect.)

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Information is data that has been processed in some way to give it context, meaning or relevance. For example, sorting a list of names into alphabetical order.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Obtained from information by applying rules to it.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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