Ice on the Land

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El Nino effect
Periodic 'blip'. Short term reduction in the intensity of cold ocean current of west of South America. Unusal patterns of rainfall ad temperature and can lead to droughts in some part of the world.
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Glacial period
A period of ice advance associated with falling temperatures.
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Interglacial
A period of ice retreat associated with falling temperatures.
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Ice sheet
A large body of ice over 50,000km2 in extent.
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Ice cap
A smaller body of ice (less than 50,000km2) usually found in mountainous regions.
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Glacier
A finger of ice usually extending downhill from an ice cap and occpying a valley.
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Accumulation
inputs to the glacier buget, such as snowfall and avalanches.
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Ablation
Outputs from the glacier budget, such as melting.
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Snout
The front of a glacier.
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Glacial budget
The balance between the inputs (accumulation) and the outputs (ablation) of a glacier.
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Abrasion
A process of erosion involving the wearung away of the valley floor and sides (glaciers) ad the shorelibe (coastal zone).
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Plucking
A process of glacial erosion where individual rocks are plucked from the valley floor or sides as water freezes them to the glacier.
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Rotational slip
Slippage of ice along a cured surface.
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Moraine
Sediment carried and deposited by the ice.
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Bulldozing
The pushing og deposited sediemnt at the snout by the glacier as it advances.
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Hummock
A small area of raised ground, rather like a large molehill.
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Corrie
A deep depression on a hillside with a steep back wall often containing a lake.
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Arete
A knife-edged ridge, often formed between two corries.
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Pyramidal peak:
A sharp-edged mountain peak.
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Glacial trough
A wide, steep sided valley eroded by a glacier.
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Truncated spur
An eroded interlocking spur characterised by having a very steep cliff.
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Hanging valley
A tributary glacial trough perched up on the side of a main valey, often marked by a waterfall.
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Ribbon lake
A long narrow lake in the bottom of a glacial trough.
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Long profile
This shows the changes in height and shaoe along the length of a glacier, from its source high in the mountains to its snout.
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Lateral moraine
A ridge of frost-shattered sediment running along the edge of a glacier where it meets the valey side.
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Medial moraine
A ridge of sediment running down the centre of a glacier formed when two lateral moraines merge.
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Terminal moraine
A high ridge running across the valley representing the maximum advance of a glacier.
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Drumlin
An egg-shaped hill found on the floor of a glacial trough.
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Responsible tourism
The idea of encouraging a balanced between the demands of tourism and the need to protect the environment.
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Sustainable management
qA form of management that ensures tht developments are long lasting and non-harful to the environment.
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Fragile environment
An environment that is easily unbalanced and damaged by natural or human factors.
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Avalanche
A rapid downhill movement of a mass of snow, ice and rocks, usually in a mountainous environment.
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Loose snow avalanche
A powdery avalanche usually originating from a single point.
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Slab avalanche
A large-scale avalanche formed when a slab of ice and snow breaks away from the main ice pack.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

A period of ice advance associated with falling temperatures.

Back

Glacial period

Card 3

Front

A period of ice retreat associated with falling temperatures.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

A large body of ice over 50,000km2 in extent.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

A smaller body of ice (less than 50,000km2) usually found in mountainous regions.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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Comments

Mr A Gibson

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34 cards which wil prepare you to do battle with any questions on the glacial questions in the exam.

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