Human Reproduction

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  • Created by: katherine
  • Created on: 07-06-13 17:44
name the 7 parts of a male reproductive system
Testes, seminifourus tubules, epididymus, vans deferens, prostate gland, seminal vesicle, urethra
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where is spermatozoa produced
Seminiferous tubules
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what sit eh function fo the prostate gland
Alkeline secretion to neutrailise acidity of urine
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what is the functoin of the seminal vesicle
Prodices secretions, aids sperm mobility
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Where are ova produced
Germinal epithelium
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Where are ova passed to
Fallopian tubes
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where does the fallopian tube take the ova
The uterus
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What is the mucas membrane lining the muscualr walls of the uterus called
The endometerium
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Where does the embryo implant during pregnancy
Endometrium
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What is the term for the production of gametes in the gonads
Gameteogenisis
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By what process is sperm produced
Spermatogenisis
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What is the female equivalant of spermatogenisis
Oogenisis
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Why is it important that gametes are haploid
So that at fertilization the diploid number is restored
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Where does spermatogenisis take place
Gernimal epithelium o the seminiferious tubule
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Do diploid spermatogonia divide by mitosis or meiosos
Mitosis
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What does this produce
Primary spermatocytes
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What do these from when they undergo meisis after the first meitoc division
Hapliod secondary spermatocytes
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What do they form after the second meiotic division
spermatids
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What then happens to the spermatids
They differentiate into mature spermatozoa
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What is ther function of the sertoli cells
To secrete a fluid which nourishes the spermatids and proctcts thm form the females immune system
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Where are sertoli cells found
seminiferous tubule
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what 4 parts make up a sperm
acrosome, nucleaus, middle peice, tail
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Which organelle does the middle piece contain lots of
Mitochondria
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When are oogonia formed
Before birth
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What process do they undergo to form primary oocytes
Mitosis
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At what point in meiosis does the primary oocyte stop dividing
Prophase 1
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what does the germinal epithelium divide to form
Follicle cells
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What is the function fo tthe follice cells
To surround the primary oocytre and form primary follicles
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when do the primary oocytes mature
Just before ovulation
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What stimulates the follicles to develop further
hormones at puberty
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what is the name of a fully developed follicle
Grafian follicle
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what does completion of the first meiotic division of the primary oocyte produce
a haploid secondary oocyte and a small polar body
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describe the process of ovulation
The mature graffian follicle migrates to the surface of the ovary where it bursts and the secondary oocyte is released
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The secondary oocyte begins the secondary meitic dividion, but pauses at what phase unless fertilization takes place
Metaphase
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If fertilized, what will this division produce?
A large ovum and a small secondary polar bod
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What happens following this division
The nucleus of the ovum and sperm will fiuse to form a zygote, which wil then develop into an embryo
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what 2 tihngs surround the secondary oocyte
follicle cells, zona pellucida
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what is the zona pellucida
a clear membrane surounding the secondary oocyte
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What process has to take place before fertilization can occur
Capacitation
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capacitation involves changes in the menbrane covering the ______
acrosome
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What is the acrosome?
a thin cap over the nucleus of the sperm
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what happens when sperm reaches the oocyte and makes contact with the zona Pellucida
the acrosome membrane ruptures
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What does this release
protease enzymes
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inversion of the acrosome results in a
fine needle like filamient developing at the tip of the sperm which peirces the softened membrane
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the entry of the sperm triggers the form,atoin of the
Fertilisation membrane
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what does the fertilozatin membrane do
prevent any other sperm entering the egg
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Post fertilization, the zygote divides by mitisis to form a hollow ball of cells called a
blastocyst
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define implantation
the blastocyst embeds in the endometrium
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what is the trophoblast
the outer layer of the blastocyst
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the trophoblast develops into 2 layers called the
amnion and chorion
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which grows chronic villi
chorion
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what is the function of the villi
inc SA for for absorption of nutrients
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hat prevents fegenration of the corpus luteum
human choronic godadatrophin
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define sub fertility
difficukty in concievng naturally for reasons affecting, male femal or both parterners
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define infertility
complete inability to ocnveive a child
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what are the 2 main causes of infertility
failure to ovulate, blockage of the fallopian tube
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How is faliure to ovulate treated,
clomiphene
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what type of antibodies do pregnangy test use
monocolonal
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wha\t is a monocolonal antibody
ab abtibody that responds to only one foreign antigen
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what is the monocolonal antibody in pregency testing kits specific to
hCG
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what does the test rely on the reacion between
antibodies boud to coloured latex beads and hCG in urine
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what causes the colour change
HCG molocules binding together
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Card 2

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where is spermatozoa produced

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Seminiferous tubules

Card 3

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what sit eh function fo the prostate gland

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Card 4

Front

what is the functoin of the seminal vesicle

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Card 5

Front

Where are ova produced

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