Homeostatis

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  • Created by: ollies233
  • Created on: 04-03-18 11:24
What is a stimulus?
A change in the environment
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How does negative feedback help to maintain a stable living environment?
It detects a rise or drop in the level of something and does the opposite to bring it back to normal
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What makes up the central nervous system and what does it do?
It is made up of sensory neurons, motor neurones, receptors and effectors. It co-ordinates a response to a stimuli.
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What is a synapse?
A synapse is a connection between two neurons
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What is the purpose of a reflex action?
To avoid injury
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What is reaction time?
Reaction time is the time it takes to respond to a stimulus
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What is the cerebral cortex is used for?
Consciousness, intelligence, memory and language
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What are the three methods used by scientist to study the brain?
MRI scans, electrical stimulation and studying patients with brain damage
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What does the iris do?
Contains muscles that allow it to contro the diameter of the pupil
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What does the cornea do?
The cornea is the transparent outer layer found at the front of the eye. It refracts light into the eye
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What does the lens do?
Focuses light on the retina
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What is the iris reflex?
When light receptors in the eye detect very bright light, a reflex is triggered that makes the pupil smaller. The circular muscles in the iris contract and the radial muscles relax. This reduces the amount of light that can enter the eye.
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What is the medical term for short sightedness?
Myopia
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What is the medical term for long sightedness?
Hyperopia
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What does the body do to reduce heat loss if it gets too cold?
Hairs stand up to trap an insulating area of hair, no sweat is produced, you shiver and blood vessels supplying skin capillaries constrict to close off the skin's blood supply
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What does the body do when it gets too hot?
Sweat is produced by sweat glands and evaporates from the skin. The blood vessels supplying the skin dialate so more blood flows close to the surface of the skin
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What is a hormone?
Chemical molecules that are released directly into the blood. They control things in organs and cells that need constant adjustment.
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What are the differences between hormonal and nervous responses?
Nerves are very fast and act for a very short time. Hormone responses are a slower action and act for a long time
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Where is excess glucose stored in the body?
It is stored as glycogen in the liver
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What effect does glucagon have on blood glucose level?
It increases blood sugar levels. Insulin decreases it
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What is the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?
Type 1 diabetes is where the pancreas produces little or no insulin.This is treated by insulin injections and limiting simple carbohydrates in diet. Type 2 is when a person is resistant to their own insulin. It can be controlled through diet/exercise
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What is reabsorbed by the kidneys?
Urea, ions and water
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What hormone controls the amount of water reabsorbed by the kidneys?
Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of a kidney transfer?
They are cheaper in the long run than dialisis and stop patients spending hours on a machine. However, it requires an operation and there is a long waiting list. The new kidney can also be rejcted by the immune system
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What effects does FSH have on the body?
Causes an egg to mature in the ovaries and stimulates the ovaries to produce oestrogen
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How is IVF carried out?
Eggs are collected from the women's ovary and fertilised in a lab with the man's sperm. The eggs are grown into embryos in a incubator. They are then inserted back into the women's womb
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How does adrenaline prepare the body for 'fight or flight'?
It triggers mechanisms that increase the supply of oxygen and glucose to ceels in the brain and muscles.
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What is auxin?
Auxin is a plant hormone that controls growth near the tips of shoots and roots
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What is phototropism?
The growth of a plant is response to light
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What is geotropism?
The growth of a plant in response to gravity
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What 3 ways can auxin be used comercially?
Killing weeds, growing cells in tissue culture and growing from cuttings with root powder
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Which plant hormone is responsible for fruit ripening?
Ethene
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How does negative feedback help to maintain a stable living environment?

Back

It detects a rise or drop in the level of something and does the opposite to bring it back to normal

Card 3

Front

What makes up the central nervous system and what does it do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a synapse?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the purpose of a reflex action?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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