History: The League of Nations

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Why was the League of Nations set up?
Countries creating peace and stopping war together (collective security).
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Moral Sanctions
Telling a country what was right and wrong. However countries could just ignore this.
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Economic Sanctions
All countries in the League would stop trading with the country. However countries like USA could still trade as they weren't members.
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Military Sanctions
Use an army against the country. However the League didn't have an army because nobody wanted to supply it.
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USA
USA weren't members. American government didn't want to and wanted to keep out of international affairs (isolationism). League was weakened militarily and financially. No leadership. Britain and France wanted to look after their own empires.
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USSR
Nobody likes Communism and didn't want it to spread so USSR wasn't allowed to join.
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Germany
The Treaty didn't allow Germany into the League until 1926
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Organisation
Decisions made by a council (Britain, France, Japan and Italy who were permanent members). Each had a veto, so they could vote against a decision. This made decision making difficult. Leaders were sent to the Assembly every year to sort conflicts.
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1931 Manchuria invaded by Japan
Great Depression so Japan needed raw materials and money. Sabotaged their own railway to blame 'Chinese Bandits'. Japan then took the whole region. Both countries appealed to the League.
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Outcome of Manchurian Crisis
League sent Lord Lytton to the region but it took a year and by that time Japan already invaded. Japan left in 1933.
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How the Manchurian Crisis affected the League
Showed League couldn't handle aggressive countries. Showed other countries that with force they could get their way.
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1935 Abyssinia invaded by Italy
Mussolini's aims for invading were: revenge, resources and wanted an empire. In December 1934 there was a dispute between them so Mussolini used this as an excuse to invade. Haile Salassie (Abyssinia emperor) appealed to the League.
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Outcome of the Abyssinian Crisis
Britain and France wanted Italy as an ally to prevent them going to Hitler. They formed an alliance in 1935 - The Stresa Front. The League applied Economic sanctions when Mussolini was invading in October 1935 but they traded with the USA.
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Outcome of the Abyssinian Crisis (2)
The Economic sanctions would also affect Britain's economy with their coal exports. Britain and France didn't close the Suez Canal giving Italy easy access to Abyssinia. The Hoare-Laval Pact was going to give Mussolini 2/3 of Abyssinia.
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Outcome of the Abyssinian Crisis (3)
This pact caused outrage when it was leaked. Mussolini's invasion was complete in 1936. He left the League in 1937 after continued sanctions. In 1936 the Rome-Berlin Axis with Hitler was formed then in 1939 the Pact of Steel.
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How the Abyssinian Crisis affected the League
Reputation was shattered and nobody took it seriously. Hitler now thought he would get away with what he wanted.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Telling a country what was right and wrong. However countries could just ignore this.

Back

Moral Sanctions

Card 3

Front

All countries in the League would stop trading with the country. However countries like USA could still trade as they weren't members.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Use an army against the country. However the League didn't have an army because nobody wanted to supply it.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

USA weren't members. American government didn't want to and wanted to keep out of international affairs (isolationism). League was weakened militarily and financially. No leadership. Britain and France wanted to look after their own empires.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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